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Medical Myths: All about cholesterol

Medical Myths: All about cholesterol

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Among all the substances found in our bodies, cholesterol is arguably the most well-known. Even though everyone is familiar with this fatty substance, there is a lot of misinformation about it. We shed some light on cholesterol in this article.

Since cholesterol is a necessary part of animal cell membranes, all animal cells synthesize it. Despite its unfavorable reputation, cholesterol is necessary for life. On the other hand, high blood levels of it raise the risk of cardiovascular disease. Plaques containing cholesterol and other materials, like fat and calcium, accumulate on the artery walls. This causes the blood vessels to narrow over time, which can result in complications like heart attacks and strokes.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimate that 13% of Americans who were 20 years of age or older had high cholesterol in 2015–2016. According to estimates from the World Health Organization (WHO), elevated cholesterol levels cause 26 million deaths annually. It is not surprising that there is a lot of false information regarding cholesterol given its prevalence. So, to help us separate fact from fiction.

All cholesterol is bad
As indicated in the introduction, cholesterol is an essential part of membranes found in cells. In addition to playing a structural role in membranes, it is essential for the synthesis of bile acid, vitamin D, and steroid hormones. Therefore, even though high cholesterol raises the risk of disease, without cholesterol, life would not be possible.

Cholesterol is not harmful. In today’s modern world, an innocent bystander is being mistreated. Because our bodies were not made to survive in an environment where food was abundant, excess cholesterol will be stored in our bodies. And our blood vessels are frequently that deposit center, which is when it becomes harmful to us. In addition to its physiological roles, cholesterol’s mode of transportation influences whether or not it is harmful to health.

Lipoproteins are molecules made of protein and fat that transport cholesterol throughout the body. There are two primary methods of this transport. From the liver, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) transports cholesterol to cells, where it is utilized in a variety of functions. Because elevated blood levels of LDL cholesterol raise the risk of cardiovascular disease, people sometimes refer to LDL cholesterol as bad cholesterol. Since high-density lipoprotein (HDL) returns cholesterol to the liver, it is frequently referred to as good cholesterol. Once there, the body expels cholesterol, lowering the risk of cardiovascular disease.

I am a healthy weight, so I can’t have high cholesterol
Yes, you can, as Dr. Greenfield says. In actuality, our genetic makeup and the food we eat determine our cholesterol balance. For instance, a person may have a genetic predisposition to process cholesterol inefficiently from birth. He clarified that it has been dubbed familial hypercholesterolemia and that its frequency may be as high as 1 in 200 due to its genetic nature. Your genetic metabolism and the ratio of calories burned to calories consumed play a bigger role in weight. Dr. Paz agreed: Your cholesterol can be abnormal even if you have a healthy weight. The foods you eat, how much alcohol you drink, how much you smoke, and how often you exercise all have an effect on your cholesterol.

Furthermore, as Dr. Lajoie informed us, some overweight individuals may not have high cholesterol, while others who maintain a healthy weight may. She clarified that a person’s diet, exercise, sleep patterns, thyroid function, medications, and genetics all influence their cholesterol levels. She went on, Your age and your genetics are two more factors that can contribute to high cholesterol but that you cannot modify.

I would have symptoms if I had high cholesterol
This is an additional myth. According to Dr. Paz, high cholesterol typically doesn’t cause any symptoms. For this reason, it is advised to have blood tests regularly to check for high cholesterol. Your unique risk factors dictate when you should begin screening and how often.

When excessive cholesterol accumulation causes heart and blood vessel damage and blockage, the only symptoms that cholesterol can be linked to are the late symptoms. Angina (chest pain), a heart attack, or even abrupt death result from this. Dr. Lajoie reaffirmed that elevated cholesterol causes silent plaque accumulation in arteries, which worsens over time and can result in heart attacks or strokes.

If I eat lots of cholesterol, I will have high cholesterol levels
This subject is a little trickier to understand than one might think. According to Dr. Lajoie, cholesterol levels are not always directly correlated with the amount of cholesterol one consumes. Even if a person doesn’t consume much cholesterol, eating sugars or simple carbs can raise their blood pressure. She added, Compared to sedentary people, those who exercise are less likely to see elevations in cholesterol from eating cholesterol.

Our cholesterol levels will almost certainly rise if we eat more cholesterol. He gave the following explanation for this: You buy red meat, cheeses, and eggs at the grocery store, but you don’t go buy a package of cholesterol. Red meat has cholesterol and saturated fat. Since cholesterol is derived from animals, eating foods high in saturated fat will raise cholesterol overall as well as the bad, or LDL, cholesterol, which is then deposited in the arterial walls of our blood vessels.

Everyone should aim for the same cholesterol targets
Dismissed! According to Dr. Paz, your target cholesterol level depends on your risk of heart attack and stroke, which is determined by factors like age and high blood pressure, as well as whether you have a history of these conditions. That is untrue, according to cholesterol guidelines released by the National Lipid Association, the American College of Cardiology, and the American Heart Association (AHA). He went on to say that the LDL cholesterol, or bad cholesterol, should be less than 100 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dl) for those of us who have not experienced any cardiovascular issues. However, the LDL cholesterol target should be less than 70 mg/dl, if not lower, if you have a history of heart attacks, strokes, or other arterial vascular diseases, and especially if you have diabetes.

Only men need to worry about cholesterol levels
Despite being a persistent myth, this is untrue. Dr. Paz clarified: The CDC reports that between 2015 and 2018, the incidence of elevated total cholesterol in the U.S. adult population was 11.4 percent. In comparison to women, men were more likely than women to have high total cholesterol (10.5% versus 12.1%). Dr. Greenfield concurred that heart disease is an equal opportunity employer. He clarified that women start to accelerate their risk of heart disease and develop the same risk as men after losing the protective effects of estrogens. In actuality, more female heart attacks than male heart attacks are reported each year because women typically develop heart disease later in life and live longer. He also informed us that women are far more likely to die from heart disease than from breast cancer and that when they do suffer a heart attack, their prognosis is typically worse.

There’s nothing I can do about my cholesterol level
Fortunately, this is not accurate. Dr. Paz states that in addition to taking cholesterol-lowering drugs, you can lower your cholesterol by eating a healthy weight, exercising, quitting smoking, and consuming moderate amounts of alcohol. Dr. Greenfield concurred that there is a lot that can be done with an abnormally high cholesterol level. The first steps are always diet and exercise, and they are still very important. Statins are safe and highly effective at lowering cholesterol. The more recent statins have been around since 1987 and are thought to be safer, more effective, and have fewer side effects. And science is still coming up with new ideas. According to Dr. Greenfield, more recent injectable PCSK-9 inhibitors have also been demonstrated to significantly reduce cholesterol to previously unheard-of levels.

I take statins, so I can eat what I want
Dr. Greenfield started, Wouldn’t that be nice if it were true, but it’s not. You will put on weight if you overindulge in food and calories. Excessive weight gain, particularly around the abdomen, can lead to the development of metabolic syndrome, a prediabetic state. He went on: Statins do not help people lose weight. It is your responsibility to treat your body with respect, which includes what you eat, and your job to lower the bad LDL cholesterol.

I’m under 40, so I don’t need to have my cholesterol checked
Dr. Paz clarified that many, advise screening for elevated cholesterol as early as age 20, despite some disagreement regarding the optimal age to begin. Dr. Greenfield agreed the longer blood in your blood vessels has an excessively high cholesterol content, the higher your chance of developing cardiovascular disease in later life. According to the recommendations, a person’s first cholesterol test should be taken when they are a teenager, and if there is a strong family history, it should be taken earlier. He informed us that people with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia should have their cholesterol checked starting at age 2.

Dr. Greenfield summarized her remarks as follows: I encourage my patients to ask questions and to do research on their medical conditions. But please be advised that a good portion of the polluted content is inaccurate and deceptive. He went on to visit reliable websites and trust the research presented by individuals who have devoted their lives to the treatment of heart disease.. Furthermore, anything that seems too good to be true or nonsensical is most likely not. Handle your body with reverence, not as if it were a theme park!

Reference:
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/medical-myths-all-about-cholesterol?utm_source=ReadNext#The-take-home-message

Medications that have been suggested by doctors worldwide are available here
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https://mygenericpharmacy.com/category/disease/heart-disease

Medical Myths: 15 breast cancer misconceptions

Medical Myths: 15 breast cancer misconceptions

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National Breast Cancer Awareness Month falls in October. In light of this, the most recent edition of Medical Myths addresses some of the most widespread myths surrounding breast cancer.

The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that 23.3 million people were diagnosed with breast cancer in 2020, and 685,000 people died from the disease. It stated that breast cancer is the most common cancer worldwide, with 7.8 million women alive as of the end of 2020 who received a diagnosis within the previous five years. Its widespread occurrence may contribute to the explanation of the various myths that surround it. We’ll address 15 of the most prevalent misconceptions here.

A breast injury can cause breast cancer
Dr. Zeidman clarified that while injuries to the breast cannot directly cause breast cancer, they can result in changes to the breast that may appear on imaging to be breast cancer. He went on, “This process is called fat necrosis, and it can appear on a mammography as an irregular mass with jagged edges, similar to the appearance of a newly discovered breast cancer.”. A needle biopsy is the most reliable method of differentiating between fat necrosis and cancer.

Underwire bras increase the risk of breast cancer
Underwire bras do not raise the risk of breast cancer, but Dr. Zeidman always suggests wire-free bras. He clarifies that skin breakdown may result from irritation of the skin beneath the breast caused by the wire. Bacteria may enter the breast as a result of this breakdown and cause an infection, an abscess, or both.

IVF increases the risk of breast cancer
Doctors often prescribe medications that stimulate the ovaries to produce eggs as part of the in vitro fertilization (IVF) process. These medications imitate the effects of estrogen. This led some experts to question if they could promote the spread of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. These cancer cells have estrogen receptors on their membranes, as the name would imply. According to Dr. Zeidman, despite the lack of randomized controlled trials addressing this issue, a recent meta-analysis of all observational studies conducted over the previous 30 years found no increased risk of breast cancer in women who received ovarian stimulation drugs when compared to the general population.

No one in my family had breast cancer, so I won’t develop it
Dr. Zeidman said he was aware of this myth: It is very common for people who have been diagnosed with breast cancer for the first time to tell me how shocked they are considering that they have no family history. In response, I say that most patients I see who have recently been diagnosed with breast cancer do not have any risk factors. Being a woman is, in fact, the biggest risk factor for developing breast cancer. One in eight American women will experience breast cancer at some point in their lives.

Just 5–10% of breast cancers are brought on by a genetic mutation that is inherited from family members, as Dr. Fancher clarified for us. This indicates that most cases of breast cancer are unpredictable or not related to a family history. Screening is crucial because family history is not the only factor that affects a person’s risk of breast cancer. The message is that regardless of a family history of breast cancer, every woman starting at age 40 should have a yearly mammogram, according to Dr. Reitherman. By the time they are thirty years old, women who have a family history of breast or ovarian cancer should be assessed by a genetic counselor. It may be necessary for these women to start screening for breast cancer before turning 40. Please get your screening mammogram if you are a woman and at least 40 years old.

Being stressed can cause breast cancer
It should come as no surprise that people are worried about the potential health effects of stress given the constant stresses of modern life. But as Dr. Zeidman informed us, there is no proof at all that stress and breast cancer are related. In actuality, there is proof that stress does not raise the risk of breast cancer. That’s not to argue stress has no effect on health, though. He continues: Developing coping mechanisms for the stress that we will all unavoidably experience is a necessary aspect of being human. While there may be significant psychological and physical health benefits, there will be no reduction in the risk of breast cancer.

A healthy lifestyle eliminates breast cancer risk
Dr. Zeidman clarified that although postmenopausal women who are overweight are more likely to get breast cancer, there is nothing a woman can do to completely prevent breast cancer risk. Women who have bilateral mastectomy are still susceptible to getting breast cancer again. He is not, however, advocating that people begin smoking and consuming fast food daily. In general, he feels that since you only have one body, it is vital to take the best possible care of it. However, elite athletes have also received a breast cancer diagnosis.

Breast cancer only happens to older adults
Though the average age of a new breast cancer diagnosis is 61 years, women’s age indeed increases their risk of developing the disease. However, breast cancer can strike at a much younger age; approximately 5% of new cases are diagnosed in women under 40. Regretfully, there have been accounts of women receiving diagnoses who were as young as teens or early in their 20s. These young ladies usually have a strong family history. If your strong family history indicates that you have a significant lifetime risk of breast cancer, you may be eligible for genetic testing and early screening beginning at age 25.

All lumps in the breast signal breast cancer
This is untrue not every breast lump indicates cancer. According to Dr. Zeidman, most newly discovered breast lumps are benign. Additionally, that percentage is probably even higher if your most recent mammography came back normal. Dr. Zeidman did clarify, though, that a medical professional should examine any new lump.

Having an abortion increases the risk of breast cancer
This question arises because, as Dr. Zeidman informed us, estrogen exposure directly increases the risk of breast cancer, and abortion disrupts the normal hormonal cycle of pregnancy. Even though a randomized controlled trial is impossible to conduct to answer this question, a sizable observational study involving 1.5 million women in Denmark found no connection between breast cancer and abortion. He clarified that in addition to this analysis, numerous other extensive studies had reached the same conclusion.

Carrying a phone in your bra can cause cancer
We may discover that this is the case in the future, but we do not currently have any long-term studies. Why can’t you just tuck your phone into your pocket or purse for the time being?

Nipple piercings increase breast cancer risk
This is untrue, according to Dr. Dot Zeidman: having a nipple piercing does not raise your risk of breast cancer. He went on to explain, though, that these may result in more uncommon but dangerous illnesses like HIV and hepatitis B and C, as well as infections, abscesses, nerve damage, keloids, cysts, and trouble nursing because of blocked ducts from scar tissue. He stated, “I always advise against nipple piercing because of these reasons.”. I advise taking it down if the deed is completed.

Sugar causes breast cancer
Dr. Zeidman is adamant about the need to stay away from sugar in general. It’s compulsive. He went on, It can lead to mood swings and insulin spikes, which puts the body in a pro-inflammatory state. Diabetes, heart disease, and other chronic inflammatory disorders can then result from this. Overindulgence in sugar can lead to obesity, which increases the risk of breast cancer.

He did, however, clarify that research on the relationship between sugar and breast cancer has been inconsistent and of mixed results. In the context of sugar talk, it’s important to dispel the related myth that sugar promotes tumor growth. This myth developed because cancer cells require a lot of energy due to their rapid division. According to Dr. Zeidman, I still recommend avoiding added sugar as much as possible for overall well-being, even though there isn’t any hard evidence to support this.

Men do not get breast cancer
According to Dr. Zeidman, men can also develop breast cancer because they have breasts. Indeed, 1 percent of all diagnoses for breast cancer in the U.S. in males. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) report that in 2017, there were 500 deaths and 2,300 new cases of male breast cancer. According to Dr. Dot Fancher, although breast cancer is more common in women than in men, men can still develop the disease.

Since there are no screening recommendations for men, men must be aware of any changes in their breasts. Even if there isn’t a significant family history, you should still report any lumps, pains, or changes to your doctor. Dr. Reitherman continued, “The most common risk factor is a family history of breast cancer. Men are diagnosed with breast cancer rarely. For males who carry the BRCA2 gene, the risk of breast cancer is significantly elevated by this mutation.

Mammograms cause breast cancer to spread
Dr. Zeidman informed us that this is a common misconception she encounters with her patients. The theory is that the cancer will spread to other areas of the breast if it is compressed during a mammography or if it is removed with a needle biopsy. He does, however, affirm: There is no evidence to support this. Dr. Reitherman concurs, saying there is no proof at all that mammograms cause breast cancer. There is no proof or theory linking the very low radiation and compression used during a mammography procedure to the development of breast cancer.

If there is no lump, there is no cancer
Dr. Zeidman stated that mammograms would not be necessary if this were the case. Because mammograms enable us to detect cancer before it becomes palpable in this case, palpable refers to the ability for a person to feel a lump with their fingers they have been shown to save lives. When breast cancer is detected in its early stages and treated, the chance of survival approaches 100%.

As the stage progresses, survival decreases. In fact, Dr. Zeidman continued, the cancer might never become palpable and still spread to other parts of the body. Many breast cancers are discovered on screening mammograms and may not be felt, according to Dr. Dot Fancher. This is particularly true for ductal carcinoma in situ or noninvasive breast cancer, which may only manifest as calcifications on a screening mammography.

Breast cancer is a common disease, and although leading a healthy lifestyle may somewhat lower the risk, awareness is essential. A doctor’s chances of surviving breast cancer increase with early detection.

Reference:
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/medical-myths-15-breast-cancer-misconceptions?utm_source=ReadNext#The-take-home

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https://mygenericpharmacy.com/category/disease/cancer

Medical Myths: All about epilepsy

Medical Myths: All about epilepsy

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In this edition of Medical Myths, we will examine and dispel 13 myths related to epilepsy. We inquire about the availability of treatments, the contagiousness of epilepsy, and the pain associated with seizures, among other things.

The estimated number of Americans affected by epilepsy is 1.2 percent, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). That is approximately 344 million people. Around 50 million people worldwide are estimated to be affected by epilepsy, according to World Health Organization (WHO) estimates. Approximately 80% of them reside in nations with low or middle incomes. Seizures are the main symptom for the majority of epileptics. These are spikes in the brain’s electrical activity. The location of these seizures within the brain can change how they impact the body as a whole.

In addition to controlling their seizures, people with epilepsy frequently struggle with stigma. According to the authors of one study, people with epilepsy report that their quality of life is significantly impacted by the stigmatizing nature of the condition and the psychological distress it causes. Disseminating information about epilepsy to the public is one way to lessen stigma. We address 13 myths about epilepsy below. We have enlisted the assistance of Dr. Clifford Segil, a neurologist at Providence Saint John’s Health Center in Santa Monica, California, for his valuable insight.

Anyone who has seizures has epilepsy
While epilepsy is arguably the most well-known seizure disorder, there are other types as well. Different conditions may have different mechanisms, but abnormal electrical activity in the brain is the cause of epilepsy. For example, non-epileptic seizures can be brought on by low blood sugar or cardiac issues. Dissociative seizures, also known as psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES), are the most prevalent type of non-epileptic seizures. PNES are linked to several things, such as psychological trauma and mental health issues. It’s important to remember that 10% of individuals with PNES are thought to also experience epileptic seizures.

People with epilepsy cannot work
It’s a myth. People with epilepsy or seizures can work as long as their seizures are managed with medication, according to Dr. Dot Segil in an interview with Medical News Today. He also disclosed to us that he has known medical professionals who have epilepsy. Only a few occupations—truck driving and piloting, for example, prohibit people with seizure disorders from employment.

Epilepsy is contagious
This is an outdated misconception that persists, especially in some regions of the world: epilepsy is not communicative. Even though specialists are aware that epilepsy cannot be contagious, pinpointing the cause remains difficult. In roughly 50% of cases worldwide, the disease’s cause is still unknown, according to the WHO. Some possible causes of epilepsy include brain damage sustained during or shortly after birth, genetically derived brain malformations, severe head trauma, strokes, infections such as meningitis or encephalitis, certain genetic syndromes, and brain tumors.

People with epilepsy are emotionally unstable
Epilepsy has a great deal of stigma associated with it. The idea that those who have the illness are more prone to experience emotional instability is one aspect of this stigma. This is untrue. Most epilepsy patients are happy and most cases of epilepsy can be easily controlled with monotherapy. or the use of one seizure medication. It is unsettling to have a seizure disorder and know that a seizure can strike at any time, but patients with epilepsy are not emotionally unstable.

Epilepsy is a mental illness
In keeping with the previous myth, epilepsy is not a mental illness. According to the Epilepsy Foundation, the great majority of epileptics do not experience any cognitive or psychological issues. Psychological problems related to epilepsy are primarily restricted to individuals with severe and uncontrolled epilepsy.

All people with epilepsy lose consciousness and convulse during seizures
Not every epileptic experiences a seizure in which they lose consciousness and convulse. The Epilepsy Society states that not all seizures cause jerking or shaking sensations. Seizures come in more than forty varieties. Seizures can have a variety of looks. For instance, a person might become completely disoriented or go “blank” for a brief period.

If someone is having a seizure, you should force something into their mouth
This is just another widespread misconception. Dr. Segil clarified, “Most seizures last for 30 to 90 seconds, and there is no reason to restrain a patient with a seizure.”. A hallmark symptom of an epileptiform seizure is that it is not suppressible, which means they don’t stop when you hold a person down. But he clarified that it “makes sense to put someone on their side. Additionally, he said that recording the seizure using a smartphone could enable a physician to alter the patient’s seizure treatment.

Seizures are painful
Ictal pain pain experienced during a seizure is uncommon. In one study, ictal pain was reported by just 0.9% of 5,133 patients who visited the Jefferson Comprehensive Epilepsy Center in Philadelphia, PA. On the other hand, some individuals may feel pain following a seizure. This might be the result of extended muscle contractions or a fall or injury sustained during the seizure. A headache may strike a person before, during, or following a seizure.

Strobe lights always trigger seizures in people with epilepsy
The only individuals who can have seizures when they see strobing lights are those who have photosensitive epilepsy. About 5% of cases of epilepsy are photosensitive epilepsy. It is not just strobe lighting that can cause a seizure in these individuals. They may also be triggered by other visual stimuli, like moving shapes and patterns.

People with epilepsy should not get pregnant
Dr. Segil clarified to MNT that although this is untrue, medical professionals view pregnancies in individuals with seizures as high risk. This implies that compared to people without a seizure disorder, they will see their obstetrician a few times more frequently. He clarified that their neurologists are also keeping a closer eye on them during this time. While there are still many seizure medications that are unsafe to use while pregnant in 2021, many more are now safe for both the mother and the unborn child.

People often swallow their tongue during a seizure
There is a myth about epilepsy that goes beyond that. In actuality, swallowing one’s tongue is impossible in all situations. However, the person can break or injure their teeth in some other way during a seizure. They may also bite their tongue or lips.

No treatments help epilepsy
Fortunately, this is just another myth. Although there isn’t a cure for epilepsy, there are several helpful treatments. Anti-epileptic medications successfully stop seizures in a lot of people. As long as they are taking the proper medication, 7 out of 10 epileptics may be able to stop having seizures, according to the Epilepsy Society. Other options include surgery, vagus nerve stimulation, and even dietary interventions that can be helpful for people who do not respond to medication. Scientists are getting closer to a cure for epilepsy as they carry out more research. The work is ongoing even though it might not happen for some time. Here is information on providing first aid for seizures.

REFERENCES:
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/medical-myths-all-about-epilepsy?utm_source=ReadNext#13.-No-treatments-help-epilepsy

Medications that have been suggested by doctors worldwide are available here
https://mygenericpharmacy.com/index.php/therapy,49

Medical Myths: All about COPD

Medical Myths: All about COPD

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This week’s Medical Myths focuses on false information regarding chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We dispel myths regarding therapies, body weight, exercise, and other topics.

A group of progressive respiratory diseases that all impair breathing are collectively referred to as COPD. The two most prevalent types of COPD are emphysema and chronic bronchitis. Breathlessness and coughing are the most common signs of COPD. Even routine tasks like getting dressed can become difficult with time.

We address some of the most widespread misconceptions about COPD in this post. We have two experts on staff to make sure the information we provide is accurate. Dr. Neil Schachter is a medical professor. In addition, he oversees the Mount Sinai Health System’s pulmonary rehabilitation program as medical director. Pulmonologist Dr. Shahryar Yadegar oversees the ICU at Providence Cedars-Sinai Tarzana Medical Center in California. He also specializes in critical care medicine.

COPD is rare
The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that COPD was the third most common cause of death globally in 2019 with 3.23 million deaths attributed to it. Dr. According to Schachter, COPD ranks as the fourth most common cause of death in the US. Over 16 million people in America have a diagnosis. In addition, millions more people might go undiagnosed, according to Dr. Yadegar, who spoke with Medical News Today. The American Lung Association (ALA) advises anyone experiencing symptoms of COPD, such as wheezing, a persistent cough, shortness of breath, frequent respiratory infections, and/or significant mucus production (also known as phlegm or sputum), to consult a physician about getting a breathing test known as “spirometry,” which can aid in the diagnosis of COPD.

Only smokers develop COPD
While it is true that smoking is the primary cause of COPD, there are numerous other risk factors as well, such as air pollution, pollution at work, infection, and certain types of asthma, as Dr. Schachter stated to MNT. Ten to twenty percent of people with COPD never smoked. Several factors contribute to the non-smoking status of these individuals, such as prolonged exposure to secondhand smoke, genetic predisposition mainly due to alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, or significant exposure to air pollution. An enzyme called alpha-1 antitrypsin defends the body against an immunological assault. Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency is brought on by a mutation in the gene that codes for this enzyme in certain individuals. Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency raises the possibility of COPD and other disorders affecting several body systems.

Only older adults develop COPD
While older adults are more likely than younger people to have COPD, younger people are not immune to the illness. As an example, in the U. S. 2 percent of males and 4 points 1 percent of females aged 24 to 44 were affected by COPD between 2007 and 2009. In a similar vein, 3% of females and 2% of males between the ages of 18 and 24 were afflicted. Dr. According to Schachter, a sizable fraction of people diagnosed before the age of 50 have an inherited form of the illness that results in an alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency.

COPD only affects the lungs
Numerous comorbidities, such as diabetes, heart disease, lung cancer, hypertension, and osteoporosis, coexist with COPD. Both “systemic inflammation” and common causative factors may be to blame for the association. Stated differently, certain conditions are more likely to occur in people with COPD because they share risk factors. For example, smoking increases the risk of heart disease and COPD. Simultaneously, medical professionals link systemic inflammation to COPD, which can raise the risk of other illnesses on its own.

People with COPD cannot exercise
Dr. Yadegar states that individuals with COPD may find it challenging to complete physical activities if they do not receive the right guidance. He did, however, add that exercise is advised for those with COPD as it can help them breathe more easily and lessen their daily symptoms. According to him, to maximize better patient outcomes, pulmonary rehabilitation programs usually combine physical exercise with guided breathing techniques. In summary, Dr. Schachter informed us that physical activity is a treatment for COPD, lowering the frequency of exacerbations and enhancing quality of life. Exercise has many benefits when done in the right way and in the right quantities, despite your belief that it is neither safe nor possible. Before beginning an exercise regimen or making any changes to it, make sure to consult your doctor.

There are no treatments for COPD
According to Dr. Schachter, there are a variety of treatments and tactics that can slow down the progression of the illness, such as medication, physical therapy, diet, and vaccinations that guard against respiratory infections, which can hasten the illness’s course. Dr. Yadegar stated that patients may benefit from inhaled bronchodilators, anticholinergics, corticosteroids, and extra oxygen due to a range of presentations. He claimed that these could be made specifically for each individual. Lung transplants or even increases in alpha-1 antitrypsin may also be beneficial for some patients.

COPD is the same as asthma
Asthma typically starts in childhood, and during that time it is often linked to inflammation issues and allergies. COPD is linked to smoking and typically first manifests in the 60s. Nonetheless, an overlap syndrome exists that combines aspects of both. Dr. Yadegar went into great detail: COPD is an illness of the alveoli that is mainly caused by elasticity loss that is mostly brought on by smoking. The main cause of asthma, which is an illness of the airways, is persistent inflammation of the airways. He went on to say that although clinical symptoms of the two conditions may be similar, there are differences in the treatments to provide the best long- and short-term care for patients.

Body weight does not affect COPD
This is untrue. According to Dr. Schachter, being overweight can make COPD-related disabilities worse. In contrast, those with body weights below moderate ranges may have emphysema and have a dismal prognosis. This is another myth: There is no point in quitting smoking if you have COPD. It’s never too late to give up, as Dr. Schachter stated to MNT. He clarified that smoking hastens the lung function loss that comes with COPD. Additionally, he mentioned that using tobacco products can exacerbate the symptoms.

Shortness of breath is the only symptom of COPD
According to Dr. Schachter, dyspnea is a common presenting symptom but by no means the only one. A cough, excessive production of mucus, respiratory infections, and all the symptoms associated with concomitant conditions are frequent indicators of worsening COPD.

A healthy diet cannot help with COPD
In actuality, those who have COPD may experience improvements from following a nutritious diet. A nutritious diet benefits overall health and can guard against exacerbations of COPD and its comorbidities, according to Dr. Schachter, who spoke with MNT. For instance, the connection between diet and COPD was examined in a 2020 meta-analysis based on eight observational studies. The authors draw the conclusion that, in contrast to unhealthy dietary patterns, healthy dietary patterns are linked to a lower prevalence of COPD. In a similar vein, data from another review indicate that eating more fruits, fish, and likely dietary fiber lowers the risk of COPD. In summary, lifestyle modifications can lessen the severity of symptoms even though there is no known cure for COPD. for additional details regarding the etiology, diagnosis, signs, and management of COPD.

REFERENCES:
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/medical-myths-all-about-copd?utm_source=ReadNext#6.-There-are-no-treatments-for-COPD

Medications that have been suggested by doctors worldwide are available here
https://mygenericpharmacy.com/index.php?therapy=45

Medical Myths: All about stroke

Medical Myths: All about stroke

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In this part of our series on medical myths, we explore common misconceptions regarding stroke. We address a number of common misconceptions, including whether a stroke is a heart condition and what to know about ministrokes and paralysis.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that 610,000 Americans have their first stroke out of the over 795,000 who experience one each year in the United States. With 11 percent of deaths worldwide in 2019, stroke was the second most common cause of death. Stroke comes in three primary forms. The first type of stroke is the most prevalent, making up 87% of cases. It happens when an artery supplying the brain with oxygen loses its ability to carry blood. The second type of stroke is known as a hemorrhagic stroke, which is brought on by a brain artery burst that subsequently injures nearby tissues.

A transient ischemic attack (TIA), referred to as a ministroke, is the third stroke category. It occurs when there is a brief interruption in blood supply to the brain, usually lasting no longer than five minutes. Despite being extremely common, stroke is frequently misinterpreted. We consulted with Dr. Rafael Alexander Ortiz, chief of Neuro-Endovascular Surgery and Interventional Neuro-Radiology at Lenox Hill Hospital, to clear up misconceptions and deepen our understanding of the subject.

Stroke is a problem of the heart
Strokes occur in the brain, not the heart, although cardiovascular risk factors are linked to stroke risk. Dr. Ortiz told MNT that some people believe that heart problems are the cause of stroke. That’s not correct. A stroke is not a heart issue; rather, it is a brain issue brought on by an obstruction or rupture of cerebral arteries or veins. Heart attacks, which are brought on by a blockage in the blood supply to the heart rather than the brain, are sometimes confused with strokes.

Stroke is not preventable
According to Dr. Ortiz, the most prevalent risk factors [for stroke] are high blood pressure, smoking, high cholesterol, obesity, diabetes, head or neck trauma, and cardiac arrhythmias. A lot of these risk factors are modifiable through lifestyle choices. Regular exercise and a balanced diet help lower risk factors like diabetes, high blood pressure, obesity, and obesity. Stress and alcohol use are two more risk factors. A person’s chance of stroke may be decreased by making efforts to lessen or eliminate these lifestyle factors.

Stroke does not run in families
A person’s risk of stroke is increased by single-gene diseases like sickle cell disease. The risk of stroke may also be indirectly increased by genetic factors, such as an increased propensity for high blood pressure and other cardiovascular risk factors. Unhealthy lifestyle choices are likely to raise the risk of stroke in family members since families frequently share environments and lifestyles, particularly when combined with genetic risk factors.

Stroke symptoms are hard to recognize
The most common symptoms for stroke form the acronym F.A.S.T.
F: face dropping, when one side of the face becomes numb and produces an uneven smile
A: arm weakness, when one arm becomes weak or numb and, when raised, drifts slowly downward
S: speech difficulty, or slurred speech
T: time to call 911
Other symptoms of stroke include: The symptoms may include numbness or weakness in one or both eyes; confusion; trouble speaking or understanding speech; difficulty walking, including dizziness, loss of balance, and coordination; and severe headaches without a known cause.

Stroke cannot be treated
Dr. Ortiz clarified that there is a false belief that strokes are incurable and untreatable. Many stroke patients can have their symptoms reversed by emergency treatment with a clot-busting drug injection, minimally invasive mechanical thrombectomy for clot removal, or surgery, he noted. This is especially true if the patient arrives at the hospital early enough for the therapy (within minutes or hours since the onset of the symptoms). The chance of a positive result decreases with the duration of the symptoms. As a result, it’s imperative that at the first sign of a stroke, ie. He went on, “If you’re having problems speaking, double vision, paralysis, numbness, etc., call 911 to send an ambulance to the closest hospital.”. Additionally, studies reveal that people who visit within three hours of the onset of symptoms usually experience less disability three months later than people who arrive later.

Stroke occurs only in the elderly
One major risk factor for stroke is age. After age 55, the risk of stroke doubles every ten years. Strokes, however, can happen at any age. According to a study that looked at medical data, 34% of stroke hospitalizations in 2009 involved people under the age of 65. According to a 2013 review, young adults and adolescents account for 15% of all ischemic stroke cases. The most prevalent co-existing conditions in this age group, according to the researchers, were lipid disorders, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and tobacco use all stroke risk factors.

All strokes have symptoms
Not every stroke has symptoms, and some studies indicate that strokes without symptoms occur far more frequently than strokes with symptoms. According to one study, of the approximately 11 million strokes that occurred in 1998, 770,000 had symptoms, while nearly 11 million did not. Evidence of these so-called silent strokes appears on MRI scans as white spots from scarred tissue following a blockage or ruptured blood vessel. When patients undergo MRI scans for symptoms like headaches, cognitive problems, or dizziness, silent strokes are frequently discovered. Even though they don’t have any symptoms, they should be treated in the same way as strokes that do. People who have silent strokes are more vulnerable to dementia, cognitive decline, and subsequent symptomatic strokes.

A ministroke is not so risky
According to Dr. Ortiz, the term “ministroke” has been misused because some people believe it to refer to small, low-risk strokes. That is untrue because a ministroke is actually a transient ischemic attack (TIA). This is not a minor stroke; rather, it is a warning sign that a major stroke could happen. He continued, “Any acute stroke symptom, whether temporary or persistent, requires emergency workup and management to prevent a devastating large stroke.

Stroke always causes paralysis
A stroke is one of the most common causes of permanent disability; however, not all stroke victims will become paralyzed or weak. Studies reveal that more than half of stroke survivors 65 and older have decreased mobility as a result of their stroke. However, many variables, including the location and extent of brain tissue damage, affect how a stroke affects a person in the long run. For instance, harm to the left brain will impact the right side of the body and vice versa. Effects of a stroke that happens on the left side of the brain might include memory loss, speech and language difficulties, paralysis on the right side of the body, and slow, cautious behavior. Paralysis may also happen, but on the left side of the body, if it impacts the right side of the brain. Other side effects could be memory loss, rapid and curious behavior, vision issues, or both.

Stroke recovery happens fast
After a stroke, recovery may take several months or even years. Many, though, might not fully recover. According to the American Stroke Association, of those who survive a stroke, 10% will recover almost completely, 10% will need care in a long-term facility or nursing home, 25% will recover with minor impairments, and 40% will experience moderate to severe impairments. Research indicates that there may be a critical window of 2-3 months following the onset of the stroke, during which intensive motor rehabilitation is more likely to result in recovery. During this time, some people might also be able to recover on their own. Although they are likely to occur much more slowly, improvements are still possible after this window and the 6-month point.

REFERENCES:
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/medical-myths-all-about-stroke?utm_source=ReadNext#10.-Stroke-recovery-happens-fast

Medications that have been suggested by doctors worldwide are available here
https://mygenericpharmacy.com/index.php/therapy,11

Medical Myths: Endometriosis facts vs. fiction

Medical Myths: Endometriosis facts vs. fiction

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We look at some widespread myths about endometriosis in this installment of our Medical Myths series. These include misconceptions regarding the illness’s other features as well as its causes and available treatments.

We take a direct approach to medical disinformation in our series on medical myths. MNT sheds light on the myth-ridden field of health journalism by separating fact from fiction using expert insight and peer-reviewed studies. A chronic illness called endometriosis causes tissue that typically lines the inside of the uterus to grow outside of the womb. This illness can make it painful to urinate or have bowel movements, as well as to have sex. It may also be the cause of other symptoms like weariness, nausea, and mental health issues.

Occasionally, depending on where the tissue is located, it can lead to issues with conception. Furthermore, endometriosis can develop in or near other organs, such as the lungs. Endometriosis affects about 10% of women in the world who are fertile. Male endometriosis can happen, albeit it is very uncommon. In addition, individuals with endometriosis frequently face a delay in diagnosis due to the wide range of symptoms associated with the condition.

Having a mother, sibling, or daughter who has endometriosis, starting periods before the age of eleven, or experiencing heavy or prolonged periods lasting more than seven days are risk factors for endometriosis. In certain people, a past history of shorter than 27-day monthly cycles may also raise the risk of endometriosis.

A common anesthetic procedure called laparoscopic surgery is frequently used to confirm an endometriosis diagnosis. Following a diagnosis, a physician may prescribe hormone therapy or analgesics to treat the patient’s symptoms. Surgery is an option if endometriosis is causing severe pain or if it is affecting fertility. But as of right now, there’s no recognized treatment for the illness. Despite the existence of numerous facts, endometriosis is still shrouded in mythology, leaving many people unsure of what to believe.

We spoke with Carly King, N.D., and Dr. Barbara Stegmann, clinical lead, of Woman’s Health at Organon and OB-GYN, to help distinguish truth from fiction. D. naturopathic physician with a license who practices at Entrepreneur and The Health Centre Integrative Therapies. To present the facts about endometriosis supported by science, we also examined recent peer-reviewed studies.

Periods are normally very heavy, very painful, or both
Even though estimates indicate that over half of all women who menstruate experience some pain during their periods, severe pain may occasionally be a sign that endometriosis is present. Though this isn’t always the case, endometriosis can cause painful and heavy periods. In addition to pain in other parts of the body, pain can also manifest as bowel, urinary, or ovulation pain. The volume of period bleeding can vary, as can cycle lengths, and midcycle bleeding is a possible symptom.

It’s a partial myth that periods are typically heavy and painful. Some individuals experience extremely painful and heavy menstruation, but they are not the norm. Some experience light periods and mild cramps, while others experience pain in between periods. Therefore, if you have any concerns, it is best to consult with a healthcare professional.

Pregnancy can cure endometriosis
Dr. King told MNT that endometriosis is not curable through pregnancy. She continued, Some women experience improvements in their symptoms during pregnancy, while others do not, and still others may experience a worsening of symptoms.. Dr. There are no cures for endometriosis, Stegmann added. She did, however, clarify that hormone levels do fluctuate during pregnancy. Due to these hormonal variations, people may experience varying degrees of pain following childbirth. Additionally, research indicates that endometriosis-affected women do not appear to benefit from pregnancy. Furthermore, scientists observe that while some endometriosis lesions regress, others either stay the same or grow.

A hysterectomy can cure endometriosis
In one study, of 137 female endometriosis patients who had a hysterectomy, 84% of the participants were happy with the outcome of the procedure, according to a reliable source. Nevertheless, Dr. King pointed out that even though a hysterectomy can relieve symptoms of endometriosis for many people, the condition can recur after the surgery. If endometrial lesions are still present outside of the uterus, symptoms may also persist, she continued. The ovaries produce estrogen, which is what endometriosis reacts to. Dr. Stegmann went on, A hysterectomy normally removes the uterus rather than the ovaries, so it wouldn’t cure endometriosis. There are various forms of endometriosis, ranging from superficial lesions to those that encroach on the colon and other organs. This kind is known as DIE or deep infiltrating endometriosis. Even if you have your ovaries removed or your hormones suppressed, those lesions probably won’t get better, she said.

Endometriosis only affects the female reproductive organs
In actuality, endometriosis typically implants on the peritoneum, a surface found inside the abdomen, rather than the reproductive organs. It is the source of pain. However, endometriosis can be found almost anywhere. It has even been observed in the brain, where it can cause seizures when a woman has her period. It can also be found in the lining of the lung. Thankfully, this is not a common occurrence, and your medical professional should be able to assist in keeping an eye out for any indications that implants may be located elsewhere, she added. Even so, a 2017 study (Trusted Source) using mice to examine the possibility that endometrial-derived cells could spread to other body organs raises the possibility that endometriosis outside of the pelvis may be more common than previously thought.

Endometriosis always causes pain
According to study data, over 60% of females diagnosed with endometriosis report having chronic pelvic pain (Trusted Source). In addition, the likelihood of experiencing stomach pain in individuals with endometriosis is 13 times higher than in those without the condition. Even though pain is a common symptom, endometriosis can still be diagnosed in cases where a patient has no pain. This is according to Dr. Dot King. Dr. Stegmann continued, Some individuals with DIE have little to no pain at all, and some individuals with mild forms of endometriosis have excruciating pain. We believe that the location of the implant and whether it releases any chemicals that cause pain may have an impact on this. As a matter of fact, until they undergo .. abdominal surgery, some people are unaware that they have extremely advanced endometriosis.

Menopause stops endometriosis
Scientists estimate that 2-4 percent of females have postmenopausal endometriosis, despite the paucity of research on the subject. Menopause does not always mean that endometriosis disappears. As a matter of fact, the illness may manifest years after your periods end. Dr. Menopause may not cure endometriosis for the same reason that a hysterectomy does not always cure it, Stegmann clarified. She advised speaking with a healthcare provider about pain management options if the pain from endometriosis does not go away after menopause.

Endometriosis equals infertility
Research indicates that between 30 and 50 percent of women who have endometriosis also have trouble getting pregnant. However, despite data connecting the illness to problems with conception, Dr. Dot King pointed out that endometriosis does not automatically mean a diagnosis of infertility. I have seen patients who have endometriosis both mild and severe who have problems getting pregnant. Trying is the only way to find out if getting pregnant will be difficult for you. Just be sure to collaborate with your medical professional as many endometriosis medications prevent pregnancy and must be stopped for you to get better.

Abortion causes endometriosis
The political discourse surrounding abortion may have given rise to the myth that abortion causes endometriosis. But this is not a claim supported by evidence. Dr. King stated to MNT that there seems to be a genetic component to endometriosis, even though the precise cause is still unknown. There is no proof that endometriosis is brought on by abortion. Dr. Stegmann was very clear in her response when asked if having an abortion could lead to endometriosis: Absolutely not.. There is no connection between endometriosis and abortion.

Birth control pills can cure endometriosis
Birth control pills do not cure endometriosis, but Dr. King clarified that they may help reduce symptoms due to suppression of ovulation and menses. There is no treatment for endometriosis, Dr. Stegmann emphasized. Birth control pills, however, do help endometriosis by balancing your hormones and stopping bleeding. Thus, they are an effective treatment but not a cure, the speaker clarified. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, which are pain relievers, are among the medications used in the treatment of endometriosis. A gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist was also approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2018 as a medication to help treat endometriosis pain.

High estrogen levels cause endometriosis
Dr. King dispelled this myth by stating, There is no evidence linking high estrogen levels to endometriosis.. Nevertheless, drugs that block estrogen can aid in symptom relief. Furthermore, researchTrusted Source indicates that while high estrogen levels might not directly cause endometriosis, they might be involved in the processes that scientists link to the illness. However, a 2022 studyTrusted Source points out that immune system-stimulating medications may also be used to treat or prevent endometriosis. The study’s researchers discovered evidence pointing to a possible link between the development of the illness and the activation of particular white blood cells, which may lead to chronic inflammation.

Reference:
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/medical-myths-endometriosis-facts-vs-fiction#10.-High-estrogen-levels-cause-endometriosis

Medications that have been suggested by doctors worldwide are available here
https://mygenericpharmacy.com/index.php?generic=398

Medical Myths: IBS myths and facts

Medical Myths: IBS myths and facts

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This edition of Medical Myths explores common misconceptions regarding irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). We discuss common misconceptions about IBS, including what causes it and what to know about diet and exercise modifications.

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic gastrointestinal disorder that affects around 11% of adults worldwide.
Symptoms include:
Abdominal pain
Excess gas
Bloating
Sudden, urgent need to use the bathroom
Changing bowel habits.
While relatively common, IBS is often misunderstood. To help us dispel some prevalent myths about this condition.

We know what causes IBS
Dairy products and spicy foods are examples of foods that may cause symptoms, but they are not the cause of the illness. However, he pointed out that bacteria like Campylobacter jejuni can cause post-infectious IBS.

Stress causes IBS
Recent studies have revealed that mental stress levels affect the makeup of gut bacteria and are crucial in IBS through the gut-brain axis. Dr. However, according to Farhadi, stress levels are typically comparable for those who have IBS and those who do not, suggesting that stress management practices may have a greater impact on an individual’s likelihood of developing IBS symptoms than stress levels alone. I discussed a study in my book on IBS that revealed an increase in mast cells in the gut of a stressed-out individual. He clarified that stress alters the gut’s morphology to make it more susceptible to stress, in addition to increasing the release of hormones and mediators in the gut.

This implies that your gut does not function the same as it did before you went through that stressful time. Stress-related IBS symptoms can therefore persist after the stress has subsided. Furthermore, he noted that IBS patients frequently experience this. Dr. Farhadi also shared the results of a study he did, which indicated a correlation between fewer IBS symptoms and a subjective sense of well-being. IBS symptoms may also be influenced by psychological, social, and genetic factors, according to earlier research.

Doctors only diagnose IBS via ‘fancy tests’
Dr. Farhadi informed us that a simple diagnostic test can identify IBS. In five years, physicians can diagnose IBS with 97 percent accuracy if the proper clinical criteria are followed. That level of accuracy is unmatched in the medical field by any other test. The Rome IV criteria is used to diagnose IBS. According to Dr. Jackson, patients with IBS should experience symptoms of abdominal pain at least once a week on average, along with a change in the frequency or form of their stools and/or a decrease in or worsening of their abdominal pain after defecating. IBS comes in different varieties; you might primarily experience constipation, diarrhea, or a combination of both. Bloating is another common symptom among patients, but she noted that this symptom is not necessary for the diagnosis to be made.

IBS is curable
IBS can be treated in a variety of ways, utilizing a combination of prescription drugs and individualized lifestyle modifications. Dr. Farhadi stated, “I can assure you that in the vast majority of cases, management is very cheap and simple: fiber, probiotics, reassurance, and exercise.”. As Dr. Farhadi puts it, taking medication can be a trial-and-error process. However, when combined with other treatments, it can help reduce the symptoms brought on by IBS. Dr. Dot Farhadi pointed out that there is ultimately no treatment for IBS, and that sometimes medication is just like a band-aid solution for symptom relief. I have to fill prescriptions for drugs again, such as antibiotics to treat bacterial overgrowth. In the end, IBS cannot be cured.

IBS is uncommon, does not affect the quality of life
According to Dr. Jackson, IBS is frequently a chronic, crippling, and widespread disorder of the gut-brain interaction. She noted that it is 10–15% common in North America and that higher healthcare expenses are linked to it. It can also have a major negative impact on a patient’s quality of life. IBS patients stated in one study that they would forgo 10–15 years of their life expectancy in exchange for an immediate cure, highlighting the detrimental effects of the illness.

All types of exercise help IBS
Exercise does help with IBS in some cases, according to Dr. Farhadi, but not all forms of exercise are the same. Exercise that is competitive causes stress rather than reducing it. He pointed out that the same is true for weightlifting in the gym: you need to be extremely aware of the type of weight you’re lifting as well as the way you’re pushing and pulling on different muscles. Additionally, he mentioned that after running for extended periods, many runners experience diarrhea, or “runner’s run.”. He cautioned that as a result, extended running sessions may exacerbate IBS symptoms.

Meditation helps
Research is ongoing, but some studies point to meditation as a potential treatment for IBS symptoms. According to Dr. Jackson, research on the brain-gut-microbiome axis and its connection to IBS is still ongoing. It has been demonstrated that gut-directed psychotherapies help reduce IBS symptoms. She also mentioned that research on the benefits of mindfulness and meditation has demonstrated how the brain’s ability to regulate how we perceive and interpret signals from our gut may help alleviate the symptoms of IBS. That being said, individuals may benefit from different forms of meditation in different ways.

Dr. Farhadi suggests mindless meditation, which involves walking the same route for 30 minutes a day until one becomes so bored that they stop observing their surroundings, though it might not be effective for everyone. That’s a contemplative stroll where you both meditate. Rebooting your system is a stress reliever. But a lot of practice is required. According to him, after a year, you might spend one minute of the fifteen you’re attempting to be in that zone.

Cutting out lactose helps
There is no clear correlation between lactose intolerance and IBS, even though many IBS patients report having a milk intolerance, according to a recent review. It is conceivable that someone with IBS may also be lactose intolerant, given that approximately two-thirds of the world’s population is intolerant to lactose. This suggests that avoiding dairy products could aid in the relief of gastrointestinal complaints.

According to Dr. Jackson, many IBS patients try to reduce their symptoms by avoiding particular foods because they believe that eating causes their symptoms. To identify trigger foods, an elimination diet entails cutting out some foods from your regular diet and then gradually adding them back. The low-FODMAPS diet has been researched the most for IBS. FODMAP foods may cause patients with IBS to experience increased gas and distension as well as the onset of symptoms related to meals. She clarified that although dairy is a high FODMAP food and maybe a trigger for some people, it is not always the case. A gastrointestinal dietician, if one is available, can assist you in navigating the often confusing world of food options.

Natural treatments work for IBS
There has been some indication that using natural remedies like cardamom and peppermint oil can help relieve the symptoms of gastric ulcers and IBS. Natural remedies may not work for everyone, though, as there hasn’t been much research done on them. According to Dr. Farhadi, black cardamom seeds and spearmint are gut-muscle relaxants that may help with symptoms. As long as the natural remedies aren’t overly potent, people can try these and other options. He continued, “People have been using many herbal remedies for thousands of years with no problems.”. However, consulting a physician is always advised before beginning a new course of treatment.

Fasting relieves IBS
Let’s say you own an engine and it is experiencing trouble. You now switch it off. Dr. Farhadi said, “Of course, as long as it’s off, you might not have any problems, but how long can you keep it off?”. Therefore, you may experience fewer symptoms each day if you cut down on how often you eat—maybe from three to two times a day. It might be useful, but it’s not always the best course of action, he clarified. He did, however, add that fasting is beneficial for other things, like memory and weight loss.

Fiber helps IBS
Fiber may be helpful if a patient has chronic constipation, according to Dr. Farhadi. However, too much fiber can cause bloating due to an overabundance of gas in the stomach. To prevent this, Dr. Farhadi suggested ingesting fiber in the form of a spoonful of probiotic-rich Greek yogurt combined with a pinch of water-soluble fiber, or psyllium.

There is an IBS diet
According to Dr. Farhadi, there isn’t a particular diet for IBS. Diets are dynamic in addition to being personalized. While on vacation, one person might be able to consume coffee, but during finals, they might have trouble doing so. He said that just as no one diet works for everyone, no one diet works for everyone all the time.

Reference:
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/medical-myths-ibs-myths-and-facts#12.-There-is-an-IBS-diet

Medications that have been suggested by doctors worldwide are available here
https://mygenericpharmacy.com/index.php?therapy=43

Medical Myths: All about psoriasis

Medical Myths: All about psoriasis

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Psoriasis Awareness Month is in August. In light of this, misconceptions about psoriasis will be confronted in the most recent episode of Medical Myths. We will talk about treatments, diet, hygiene, and other things.

One rather common immune-mediated skin condition is psoriasis. It results in the skin becoming flaky and crusty in certain areas, usually the knees, scalp, elbows, and back. On light skin, these patches appear red, and on dark skin, they may appear violet or purple. It is challenging to determine the precise prevalence of psoriasis worldwide. On the other hand, a 2020 study discovered that the prevalence ranges from 0.14 percent in East Asia to 1.99% in Australasia. Psoriasis can have an impact on a person’s quality of life and general well-being in addition to its physical symptoms. In a similar vein, stigma affects some psoriasis sufferers.

According to the authors of one study, stigmatizing attitudes toward people who have psoriasis are common in the US. Public awareness campaigns and medical student education programs could lessen the stigma associated with psoriasis sufferers. In light of this, we address some enduring misconceptions about psoriasis and enlist the assistance of two specialists to refute them. The first one is David Chandler, the CEO of the UK’s Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis Alliance. The second is Dominic Urmston, who works for the Psoriasis Association in the United Kingdom as the manager of patient advocacy and communications.

Psoriasis is contagious
This is a widespread myth, but it is still just that a myth. As Chandler clarified, psoriasis is not contagious. It’s an autoimmune disease where the body overproduces skin cells due to an improper immune response. It cannot be spread by direct contact between people, sharing of bodily fluids (such as kissing), or food or beverages. Additionally, it cannot be acquired by people in close quarters in public places like saunas or swimming pools.

Psoriasis is just dry skin
No, Chandler said, there’s a lot more to it than that. The normal skin turnover cycle is approximately every 28 days, but in psoriasis, it can occur as quickly as 4-5 days. The skin structure changes much more quickly. This rapid turnaround has prevented the skin cells from maturing. They accumulate into thick scales that the body is unable to normally shed. Furthermore, blood vessels also shift and migrate toward the surface, Chandler added, making the areas that are scraped bleed and turn extremely red and painful. Psoriasis can be crippling in more severe cases when it causes the skin to break and bleed, according to Urmston. Psoriasis on the hands or feet can make daily tasks challenging, and psoriasis on the buttocks or groin can make simple tasks like sitting down or using the restroom uncomfortable.

There is only one type of psoriasis
Many people believe that there is only one type of psoriasis and that it is always present. It is not the case, though. Chandler clarified that large plaque psoriasis, which has typical thick silvery scales, is the most prevalent type. Other forms include guttate psoriasis, which is sometimes referred to as raindrop psoriasis due to the tear-shaped scaly patches. Only areas that come into contact with other body parts, like the groin, underarms, or armpits, can develop inverse psoriasis. Erythrodermic psoriasis: This rare kind of psoriasis causes a rash that peels over a large portion of the body. Pustular psoriasis: This kind typically affects the hands and feet and causes pus-filled bumps to appear.

Psoriasis results from poor hygiene
In Urmston’s words, having psoriasis does not indicate poor personal hygiene. Chandler agreed, no, really not. Psoriasis sufferers actually usually have to be meticulous when it comes to self-care because their skin is so sensitive and dry that it requires attention all the time. Additionally, he clarified that individuals with psoriasis frequently need to apply their treatments twice daily, which means that people will have to spend a lot of time managing it, especially in areas like the scalp, because if it is ignored, it will rapidly become extremely difficult to manage.

Doctors can cure psoriasis
This is untrue as well because there isn’t a treatment for psoriasis at this time. But, as Chandler pointed out, scientists are still learning more about the illness, and this new knowledge might eventually result in a treatment. Crucially, psoriasis can be effectively managed and treated, as Urmston noted, and dermatologists and physicians can provide a variety of treatment alternatives.

Psoriasis only affects the skin
Although psoriasis primarily affects the skin, it affects more than just the skin. Psoriasis is not limited to the skin. According to Urmston, psoriatic arthritis is an inflammatory form of arthritis that affects the joints and is thought to develop in 6–42 percent of individuals with psoriasis. It frequently affects the knees, hands, and feet joints, as well as the lower back and heel, which are places where tendons join to the bone. Psoriasis can affect a person’s mental health in addition to their physical health. According to Urmston, those who have psoriasis are also more likely to suffer from anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, and low confidence, all of which can have a serious influence.

No treatments can relieve psoriasis
It is a myth that there are no treatment options, even though there is no cure. Depending on how severe a person’s psoriasis is, there are a variety of treatments that can help, according to Chandler. These include ointments, gels, foams, and topical (applied) creams. Along with disease-modifying medications that come in tablet and injectable form, light therapy is also utilized. Each of these methods has different advantages and disadvantages. Since psoriasis is a lifelong chronic condition, a patient’s treatment plan may need to be modified over time in collaboration with their physician. A physician is usually the one who prescribes topical (applied to the skin) treatments in a variety of formulations (creams, ointments, and gels) for the majority of psoriasis patients. A dermatologist can recommend additional treatment options, such as UV light therapy, tablet and injection treatments if the patient’s psoriasis is more severe or if different topical treatments don’t work.

Psoriasis only affects adults
Psoriasis can affect children and, very infrequently, newborns, even though it is most frequently observed in adults. It typically begins in adolescence and lasts a lifetime, according to Chandler. According to Urmston, MNT, there appear to be two “peaks” in the onset period: in the late teens to early 30s and in the 50–60 age range.

Psoriasis is the same as eczema
Even though psoriasis and eczema share similar primary symptoms, they are two very different conditions. As Chandler clarified, psoriasis is not based on an allergic reaction, whereas eczema frequently is. Additionally, eczema is more prevalent in young children and goes away with time. On the other hand, psoriasis is less common in kids and usually lasts a lifetime. According to Urmston, they also typically affect different parts of the body. Psoriasis typically manifests on the outside of the elbows and knees as well as on the scalp, while eczema typically appears inside the crook of the elbow and knee. In general, psoriasis and eczema have distinct underlying mechanisms.

Eczema is a skin condition that can be caused by environmental, genetic, or other factors; psoriasis is an autoimmune condition. Nonetheless, there exist certain indications indicating eczema may also be an autoimmune disorder. Urmston made a significant statement: “For both conditions, early initiation of the most appropriate treatment pathway necessitates a diagnosis from a qualified healthcare professional.

Changing your diet can cure psoriasis
Chandler told MNT that there is no proof that a specific diet can treat psoriasis. Since psoriasis tends to “wax and wane,” many people may link dietary adjustments to improvement; however, this could just be a coincidental occurrence. He did, however, add that maintaining a healthy weight, exercising frequently, and adhering to a balanced diet are all generally sound recommendations for general wellbeing.

As of right now, solid research has not been done to connect any particular dietary modification to a reduction in the symptoms of psoriasis. Since obesity, alcoholism, and smoking have been shown to exacerbate psoriasis symptoms, leading a healthy lifestyle that includes regular exercise and a nutritious, balanced diet can help manage psoriasis. Although it cannot be cured, psoriasis can be managed. To start treatment as soon as possible, anyone who thinks they may have psoriasis should consult a physician. Like with all medical conditions, scientists are still looking into potential approaches to better control the symptoms. Maybe one day, scientists will also find a treatment.

Medical myths: All about diabetes

Medical myths: All about diabetes

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Globally, diabetes is becoming increasingly prevalent, as are the myths and misconceptions that surround it. Here, we discuss 11 of these repeated untruths.

Approximately 10% of Americans currently suffer from diabetes. Over 422 million people worldwide are afflicted by the illness. Diabetes is a common term, but the biological mechanisms underlying it are complicated, and symptoms can vary. Half-truths abound because it’s both common and complex. Regrettably, a few of the misconceptions debunked in this piece contribute to the stigma surrounding diabetes. It is crucial to refute these lies just for that reason. First, we will define diabetes in brief and discuss the distinctions between type 1, type 2, and gestational diabetes, the three most prevalent types of the disease.

The autoimmune condition known as type 1 diabetes is characterized by an attack on the insulin-producing pancreatic cells by the immune system. Compared to type 2 diabetes, it usually manifests earlier in life. Type 2 diabetes is characterized by insufficient insulin production, impaired insulin sensitivity, or both. At least 90 percent of people with diabetes in the U. S. possess type 2. As the name implies, gestational diabetes happens during pregnancy. Pregnancy increases the body’s need for insulin. When the body is unable to meet these new requirements, gestational diabetes develops. Even though gestational diabetes typically disappears after delivery, there is a chance that it will recur in subsequent pregnancies and that type 2 diabetes will manifest later in life.

Eating sugar causes diabetes
Diabetes is not directly brought on by sugar consumption. However eating a diet high in sugar can result in obesity and overweight, which are risk factors for type 2 diabetes. This is a widespread misconception, which makes sense given that blood sugar levels are crucial in the development of diabetes. However, sugar by itself is not a causative agent. As usual, the story is complicated, but it seems that regular soda consumption is associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes. Drinking soda has been associated with a higher risk of developing the disease, even after adjusting for energy intake and body mass index (BMI), according to a large 2013 study. Regarding other beverages, like fruit juices and artificially sweetened beverages, the study did not discover this correlation. Why some people develop type 1 diabetes and others do not is still a mystery to scientists. Nutrition is not a risk factor, though.

Diabetes is not serious
Maybe because diabetes is so prevalent, some people don’t think it’s a serious illness. This is untrue. Diabetes has no known treatment, and improper diabetes management can lead to some negative outcomes. Heart disease, nerve damage, kidney damage, blindness, skin disorders, and hearing loss are among the complications. In the United States in 2018, diabetes was the primary cause of 84,946 deaths. S. According to estimates from the World Health Organization, 11.6 million deaths worldwide in 2016 were attributed to diabetes.

Diabetes only affects people with obesity
Type 2 diabetes and gestational diabetes can affect individuals of any weight, but being overweight or obese increases the risk of developing the disease. According to information from the 2020 National Diabetes Statistic Report published by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 11% of persons in the U.S. are not obese or overweight.
Type 1 diabetes has no association with body weight.

Obesity always leads to diabetes
Obesity raises the risk of diabetes, but the condition is not always caused by obesity. The CDC reports that approximately 39.8% of adults U.S. are obese, whereas 13% have diabetes.

People with diabetes cannot eat sugar
People with diabetes indeed need to closely monitor their carbohydrate intake and manage their diets. They may still include treats, though. According to the American Diabetes Association, the key to enjoying sweets is to limit your intake to special occasions and concentrate your meals on healthier options. To maintain stable blood sugar levels, people with diabetes must carefully schedule their meals and snacks. Another misconception is that individuals with diabetes must consume particular diabetes-friendly foods. These goods can still elevate blood sugar levels, and they are frequently more costly.

Diabetes always leads to blindness and amputation
Fortunately, this is untrue. Diabetes does not always result in blindness or amputations, even though it can in certain situations. Furthermore, these results are uncommon in people who take good care of their condition. According to the CDC, 11.7 percent of adult diabetics have some degree of visual impairment. About 0.56% of diabetics in the United States have lower-extremity amputations. S. Some risk factors that raise the possibility of developing complications related to diabetes have been identified by experts. These include smoking, being overweight or obese, not exercising, having high blood pressure, and having high cholesterol.

People with diabetes should not drive
A diabetes diagnosis does not always imply that a person should give up driving. The American Diabetes Association explains in a position statement on driving and diabetes: Most people with diabetes operate motor vehicles safely without creating any meaningful risk of injury to themselves or others. But they also clarify that individuals should be assessed individually if there are any concerns. As stated by the U.S. Department of Transportation: Diabetics can drive unless their condition prevents them from doing so. These include vision issues or dangerously low blood glucose levels. You should collaborate closely with your diabetes healthcare team to determine whether diabetes impairs your driving ability if you are dealing with complications related to your diabetes.

Prediabetes always leads to diabetes
Within the U.S. 88 million adults, or one in three, are thought to have prediabetes. Blood sugar levels that are higher than average but not quite high enough to be considered diabetes is known as prediabetes. Type 2 diabetes can develop from prediabetes if it is not treated. It is not a given, though. A shift in lifestyle can reverse the trend. Diabetes can be stopped in its tracks with a more nutritious diet and regular physical activity.

People with diabetes cannot be active
Again, this is not accurate. As a matter of fact, exercise plays a big part in managing diabetes. Exercise lowers blood pressure and promotes weight loss, which lowers the risk of complications. It may also improve how well the body uses insulin. However, exercise has various effects on blood sugar levels; sometimes it rises and sometimes it lowers. As stated by Diabetes UK Even though you consume the same foods and engage in the same activities on certain days, your blood sugar levels might behave differently than you would anticipate. Additionally, they provide advice on controlling blood sugar levels while exercising, including taking notes on how your blood sugar behaves and showing them to your doctor. This can direct any necessary adjustments to insulin. Those who are susceptible to hypoglycemia should always have fast-acting carbohydrates on hand. Put on a diabetes identification so that others can assist you if necessary.

You can ‘catch’ diabetes
This is a myth. Pathogens do not cause diabetes, so someone cannot pass it to someone else. Doctors classify it as a noncommunicable disease.

Some natural products cure diabetes
Diabetes currently has no known treatment. It is untrue to say that a product can treat diabetes. Many herbal or natural products are ineffective or even harmful; diabetes co . uk explains: It is often argued that using natural therapies could reduce blood sugars to dangerously low levels and raise the risk of other diabetes complications because certain herbs, vitamins, and supplements may interact with diabetes medications (including insulin) and increase their hypoglycemic effects. Diabetes is a complicated yet widespread illness. Dispelling myths as we come across them is crucial as their ubiquity rises.