Psoriasis Awareness Month is in August. In light of this, misconceptions about psoriasis will be confronted in the most recent episode of Medical Myths. We will talk about treatments, diet, hygiene, and other things.

One rather common immune-mediated skin condition is psoriasis. It results in the skin becoming flaky and crusty in certain areas, usually the knees, scalp, elbows, and back. On light skin, these patches appear red, and on dark skin, they may appear violet or purple. It is challenging to determine the precise prevalence of psoriasis worldwide. On the other hand, a 2020 study discovered that the prevalence ranges from 0.14 percent in East Asia to 1.99% in Australasia. Psoriasis can have an impact on a person’s quality of life and general well-being in addition to its physical symptoms. In a similar vein, stigma affects some psoriasis sufferers.

According to the authors of one study, stigmatizing attitudes toward people who have psoriasis are common in the US. Public awareness campaigns and medical student education programs could lessen the stigma associated with psoriasis sufferers. In light of this, we address some enduring misconceptions about psoriasis and enlist the assistance of two specialists to refute them. The first one is David Chandler, the CEO of the UK’s Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis Alliance. The second is Dominic Urmston, who works for the Psoriasis Association in the United Kingdom as the manager of patient advocacy and communications.

Psoriasis is contagious
This is a widespread myth, but it is still just that a myth. As Chandler clarified, psoriasis is not contagious. It’s an autoimmune disease where the body overproduces skin cells due to an improper immune response. It cannot be spread by direct contact between people, sharing of bodily fluids (such as kissing), or food or beverages. Additionally, it cannot be acquired by people in close quarters in public places like saunas or swimming pools.

Psoriasis is just dry skin
No, Chandler said, there’s a lot more to it than that. The normal skin turnover cycle is approximately every 28 days, but in psoriasis, it can occur as quickly as 4-5 days. The skin structure changes much more quickly. This rapid turnaround has prevented the skin cells from maturing. They accumulate into thick scales that the body is unable to normally shed. Furthermore, blood vessels also shift and migrate toward the surface, Chandler added, making the areas that are scraped bleed and turn extremely red and painful. Psoriasis can be crippling in more severe cases when it causes the skin to break and bleed, according to Urmston. Psoriasis on the hands or feet can make daily tasks challenging, and psoriasis on the buttocks or groin can make simple tasks like sitting down or using the restroom uncomfortable.

There is only one type of psoriasis
Many people believe that there is only one type of psoriasis and that it is always present. It is not the case, though. Chandler clarified that large plaque psoriasis, which has typical thick silvery scales, is the most prevalent type. Other forms include guttate psoriasis, which is sometimes referred to as raindrop psoriasis due to the tear-shaped scaly patches. Only areas that come into contact with other body parts, like the groin, underarms, or armpits, can develop inverse psoriasis. Erythrodermic psoriasis: This rare kind of psoriasis causes a rash that peels over a large portion of the body. Pustular psoriasis: This kind typically affects the hands and feet and causes pus-filled bumps to appear.

Psoriasis results from poor hygiene
In Urmston’s words, having psoriasis does not indicate poor personal hygiene. Chandler agreed, no, really not. Psoriasis sufferers actually usually have to be meticulous when it comes to self-care because their skin is so sensitive and dry that it requires attention all the time. Additionally, he clarified that individuals with psoriasis frequently need to apply their treatments twice daily, which means that people will have to spend a lot of time managing it, especially in areas like the scalp, because if it is ignored, it will rapidly become extremely difficult to manage.

Doctors can cure psoriasis
This is untrue as well because there isn’t a treatment for psoriasis at this time. But, as Chandler pointed out, scientists are still learning more about the illness, and this new knowledge might eventually result in a treatment. Crucially, psoriasis can be effectively managed and treated, as Urmston noted, and dermatologists and physicians can provide a variety of treatment alternatives.

Psoriasis only affects the skin
Although psoriasis primarily affects the skin, it affects more than just the skin. Psoriasis is not limited to the skin. According to Urmston, psoriatic arthritis is an inflammatory form of arthritis that affects the joints and is thought to develop in 6–42 percent of individuals with psoriasis. It frequently affects the knees, hands, and feet joints, as well as the lower back and heel, which are places where tendons join to the bone. Psoriasis can affect a person’s mental health in addition to their physical health. According to Urmston, those who have psoriasis are also more likely to suffer from anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, and low confidence, all of which can have a serious influence.

No treatments can relieve psoriasis
It is a myth that there are no treatment options, even though there is no cure. Depending on how severe a person’s psoriasis is, there are a variety of treatments that can help, according to Chandler. These include ointments, gels, foams, and topical (applied) creams. Along with disease-modifying medications that come in tablet and injectable form, light therapy is also utilized. Each of these methods has different advantages and disadvantages. Since psoriasis is a lifelong chronic condition, a patient’s treatment plan may need to be modified over time in collaboration with their physician. A physician is usually the one who prescribes topical (applied to the skin) treatments in a variety of formulations (creams, ointments, and gels) for the majority of psoriasis patients. A dermatologist can recommend additional treatment options, such as UV light therapy, tablet and injection treatments if the patient’s psoriasis is more severe or if different topical treatments don’t work.

Psoriasis only affects adults
Psoriasis can affect children and, very infrequently, newborns, even though it is most frequently observed in adults. It typically begins in adolescence and lasts a lifetime, according to Chandler. According to Urmston, MNT, there appear to be two “peaks” in the onset period: in the late teens to early 30s and in the 50–60 age range.

Psoriasis is the same as eczema
Even though psoriasis and eczema share similar primary symptoms, they are two very different conditions. As Chandler clarified, psoriasis is not based on an allergic reaction, whereas eczema frequently is. Additionally, eczema is more prevalent in young children and goes away with time. On the other hand, psoriasis is less common in kids and usually lasts a lifetime. According to Urmston, they also typically affect different parts of the body. Psoriasis typically manifests on the outside of the elbows and knees as well as on the scalp, while eczema typically appears inside the crook of the elbow and knee. In general, psoriasis and eczema have distinct underlying mechanisms.

Eczema is a skin condition that can be caused by environmental, genetic, or other factors; psoriasis is an autoimmune condition. Nonetheless, there exist certain indications indicating eczema may also be an autoimmune disorder. Urmston made a significant statement: “For both conditions, early initiation of the most appropriate treatment pathway necessitates a diagnosis from a qualified healthcare professional.

Changing your diet can cure psoriasis
Chandler told MNT that there is no proof that a specific diet can treat psoriasis. Since psoriasis tends to “wax and wane,” many people may link dietary adjustments to improvement; however, this could just be a coincidental occurrence. He did, however, add that maintaining a healthy weight, exercising frequently, and adhering to a balanced diet are all generally sound recommendations for general wellbeing.

As of right now, solid research has not been done to connect any particular dietary modification to a reduction in the symptoms of psoriasis. Since obesity, alcoholism, and smoking have been shown to exacerbate psoriasis symptoms, leading a healthy lifestyle that includes regular exercise and a nutritious, balanced diet can help manage psoriasis. Although it cannot be cured, psoriasis can be managed. To start treatment as soon as possible, anyone who thinks they may have psoriasis should consult a physician. Like with all medical conditions, scientists are still looking into potential approaches to better control the symptoms. Maybe one day, scientists will also find a treatment.