Browsed by
Category: Sleep

Long-term melatonin use linked to 90% greater heart failure risk.

Long-term melatonin use linked to 90% greater heart failure risk.

Comments 0 Comment

Approximately 16% of people worldwide suffer from insomnia. A person can enhance the quality of their sleep in a variety of ways, including by taking melatonin supplements. Previous research indicates that using melatonin supplements may pose certain risks. According to a recent study, taking melatonin supplements over an extended period of time may increase the risk of heart failure. According to research, 16% of people worldwide suffer from insomnia, which is the inability to fall or stay asleep. A person can enhance the quality of their sleep in a variety of ways. Among them are behavioral adjustments like maintaining proper sleep hygiene, exercising during the day, and avoiding certain foods right before bed. Other individuals who have trouble falling asleep may choose to use medical interventions, such as prescription drugs or over-the-counter remedies like melatonin supplements, a hormone that the body produces naturally and is crucial.

12-month or longer melatonin use linked to 90% greater heart failure risk
Researchers examined medical records from TriNetX for nearly 131,000 adults who had been diagnosed with insomnia, with an average age of roughly 56. Approximately 65,000 study participants reported taking melatonin for at least a year after receiving a prescription for it at least once. According to the study’s findings, individuals who took melatonin for longer than a year had a 90% higher risk of heart failure over five years than those who did not. Additionally, participants had an 82% higher risk of heart failure if they had filled at least two melatonin prescriptions at least ninety days apart. Furthermore, during the five-year follow-up period, researchers found that melatonin users were roughly 3.5 times more likely to be hospitalized for heart failure and twice as likely to die from any cause.

Melatonin supplements are widely thought of as a safe and ‘natural’ option to support better sleep, so it was striking to see such consistent and significant increases in serious health outcomes, even after balancing for many other risk factors, Ekenedilichukwu Nnadi, and lead author of the study, said in a press release. Worse insomnia, depression/anxiety or the use of other sleep-enhancing medicines might be linked to both melatonin use and heart risk. Also, while the association we found raises safety concerns about the widely used supplement, our study cannot prove a direct cause-and-effect relationship. This means more research is needed to test melatonin’s safety for the heart, Nnadi explained

Unexpected findings on melatonin and heart health are noteworthy
Melatonin is widely regarded by both the public and many in the medical community as a safe, ‘natural’ sleep aid, so it was striking to see a potential link to serious health issues like heart failure, Mody explained. While this study shows an association and not a direct cause-and-effect relationship, the consistency and significance of the increased risks are noteworthy. It’s particularly unexpected given that some previous research has suggested potential cardiovascular benefits of melatonin, such as its antioxidant properties.

This new study challenges the conventional wisdom regarding long-term melatonin use for chronic insomnia, for which it is not an indicated treatment in the United States, she continued. According to Mody, these findings suggest a re-evaluation of how we counsel patients about sleep aids and underscore the importance of discussing long-term supplement use. My concern is that insomnia may actually be masking signs and symptoms of early heart failure in some of these cases, so this research also highlights the importance of ruling out different causes of insomnia, particularly since the treatment market for insomnia aids is not strongly regulated.

Further research is needed to confirm the findings
According to Mody, the research’s next steps should concentrate on a number of crucial areas to elucidate the results and their consequences for patient care, such as causality and confirmation. She explained, “First and foremost, more research is needed to confirm these findings and to determine if there is a direct cause-and-effect relationship between long-term melatonin use and heart failure. The best way to determine whether melatonin is safe for the heart would be to conduct randomized controlled trials. Research will need to investigate the biological mechanism by which long-term melatonin use might increase the risk of heart failure if a causal link is established, Mody continued. Given that melatonin has been shown to have protective effects on the cardiovascular system, this would be a major change

How can I improve my sleep without taking melatonin?
Melatonin is available in a variety of formulations, including high and low doses, as well as slow and immediate release, none of which are FDA regulated, according to Ni’s initial response to the study. Therefore, there are worries that the levels of melatonin drugs and supplements may differ significantly. It is difficult to determine whether a particular amount or kind of melatonin is linked to an increase in heart failure.

However, considering that melatonin is not subject to FDA regulation, the study is undoubtedly concerning, he said. Ni strongly suggests that people who may be taking melatonin think about other ways to enhance the quality of their sleep. He clarified, for instance, that a lot of people have sleep apnea but are unaware of it and mistakenly believe that they just need to take a sleep aid to help them sleep. Given that sleep apnea is linked to an increased risk of heart disease, melatonin users in the study may have sleep issues.

I should also mention that melatonin and high dosages seem to have a paradoxical effect on sleep; that is, taking too much melatonin may actually make it difficult for you to fall asleep. I typically advise my patients to take no more than 1 to 3 mg of melatonin per night. Additionally, I tell my patients that because the melatonin hormone’s effect on sleepiness is gradual, it usually needs to be taken at least an hour or two before attempting to fall asleep.

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/long-term-melatonin-use-linked-to-90-greater-heart-failure-risk

https://mygenericpharmacy.com/category/disease/sleep-disorder

These Low-Key Exercises Could Help You Sleep Better

These Low-Key Exercises Could Help You Sleep Better

Comments 0 Comment

If you struggle with insomnia, certain types of exercise can improve sleep quality by reducing stress, regulating circadian rhythms, and promoting relaxation. Here are the three best types of exercise for managing insomnia, backed by research:

1. Moderate Aerobic Exercise (e.g., Brisk Walking, Cycling, Swimming)

  • Why it works:
    • Increases slow-wave (deep) sleep, which is crucial for physical restoration.
    • Reduces cortisol (stress hormone) and raises endorphins.
    • Helps regulate the body’s internal clock, especially if done outdoors in daylight.
  • Best time: Morning or early afternoon (avoid vigorous cardio close to bedtime).

2. Yoga & Mindful Movement (e.g., Hatha Yoga, Tai Chi, Stretching)

  • Why it works:
    • Combines gentle movement with breath control, activating the parasympathetic nervous system (rest-and-digest mode).
    • Reduces anxiety and physical tension, which are common causes of insomnia.
    • Improves sleep latency (time taken to fall asleep).
  • Best time: Evening (slow, restorative yoga 1–2 hours before bed).

3. Strength Training (Resistance/Weight Training)

  • Why it works:
    • Increases growth hormone production, aiding deep sleep.
    • Reduces nighttime awakenings by lowering metabolic stress over time.
    • Helps balance blood sugar, preventing sleep-disrupting crashes.
  • Best time: Morning or late afternoon (avoid heavy lifting right before bed).

Key Tips for Exercise & Insomnia

  • Avoid intense workouts 2–3 hours before bed (can raise core body temperature and adrenaline).
  • Consistency matters—regular exercise (even 30 mins/day) improves sleep more than sporadic sessions.
  • Pair with sleep hygiene: Dim lights, cool room, and no screens post-exercise.

Bonus: Walking in Nature

A 20–30 minute walk in green spaces (especially in sunlight) can reset circadian rhythms and reduce insomnia-linked anxiety.

Reference:

https://edition.cnn.com/2025/07/17/health/insomnia-treatment-exercise-sleep-wellness

https://www.everydayhealth.com/sleep/these-low-key-exercises-could-help-you-sleep-better

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/3-types-exercise-yoga-tai-chi-walking-may-be-best-managing-insomnia

Medications that have been suggested by doctors worldwide are available on below link

https://mygenericpharmacy.com/category/disease/sleep-disorder

Is it possible for a sleeping medicine to stop the accumulation of toxic tau in the brain?

Is it possible for a sleeping medicine to stop the accumulation of toxic tau in the brain?

Comments 0 Comment

Emerging research suggests that certain sleep aids, particularly those that enhance deep sleep, might help reduce the accumulation of toxic tau proteins in the brain, a key driver of Alzheimer’s disease and other tauopathies. However, the evidence is still preliminary, and not all sleeping pills are equal in this potential benefit.

The Link Between Sleep, Tau, and Alzheimer’s

  1. Tau Buildup and Poor Sleep
    • During deep (slow-wave) sleep, the brain’s glymphatic system clears waste, including tau and beta-amyloid.
    • Chronic poor sleep disrupts this process, allowing tau to accumulate and spread.
  2. Sleep Medications Under Investigation
    • Suvorexant (Belsomra): A 2023 Annals of Neurology study found this orexin receptor antagonist (a class of sleep drug) reduced tau and amyloid in mice and showed modest benefits in early human trials.
    • Melatonin: Some studies suggest it may help with sleep quality and tau clearance, but human data is mixed.
    • Benzodiazepines (e.g., diazepam) & Z-drugs (e.g., zolpidem): These may worsen cognitive decline long-term and are not recommended for tau prevention.

Could Sleeping Pills Help?

  • Potentially, if they improve deep sleep without disrupting natural sleep architecture.
  • Suvorexant is the most promising candidate, but more research is needed.
  • Caution: Many sleep medications (e.g., sedatives) can impair memory or increase fall risk in older adults.

Better Alternatives for Tau Prevention

  1. Natural Deep Sleep Boosters
    • Exercise, mindfulness, and sleep hygiene may enhance slow-wave sleep without drugs.
  2. CBT-I (Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia)
    • The gold-standard, drug-free treatment for chronic sleep issues.
  3. Emerging Therapies
    • Acoustic stimulation (e.g., devices that enhance slow-wave sleep) are being tested for tau clearance.

Reference:

https://www.sciencealert.com/a-common-sleeping-pill-could-reduce-buildup-of-alzheimers-proteins-study-finds

https://newatlas.com/brain/alzheimers-dementia/alzheimers-hope-sleep-aid-blocks-up-to-40-more-harmful-tau-deposits

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/could-a-sleeping-pill-help-prevent-toxic-tau-buildup-in-the-brain

Medications that have been suggested by doctors worldwide are available on below link

https://mygenericpharmacy.com/category/disease/sleep-disorder

Common sleep medication may prevent the brain from clearing ‘waste’

Common sleep medication may prevent the brain from clearing ‘waste’

Comments 0 Comment

Up to 70 million people suffer from persistent sleep problems. A person’s risk of developing dementia and cognitive decline is increased when they don’t get enough sleep each night. Using a mouse model, a new study explains for the first time how the brain’s glymphatic system is powered by synchronized oscillations during sleep to help eliminate “waste” linked to neurodegenerative diseases. Additionally, researchers discovered that a frequently prescribed sleep aid may suppress those oscillations, interfering with the brain’s ability to eliminate waste while you sleep. It’s critical to consider every factor that could increase the risk of cognitive decline, especially in light of recent studies showing that the risk of dementia in Americans has more than doubled after the age of 55.

According to the most recent data, many adults over the age of 18 may experience persistent sleep problems like insomnia and sleep apnea, despite doctors’ recommendations that they get at least 7 hours of good sleep every night. It is estimated that 39 percent of adults over 45 in the United States alone were not getting enough sleep in 2022. According to previous research, a person’s risk of developing some illnesses, including brain-related disorders like dementia and cognitive decline, can be raised by not getting enough sleep each night. Natalie Hauglund, PhD, a postdoctoral fellow at the Universities of Copenhagen in Denmark and Oxford in the United Kingdom, told Medical News Today that sleep enables the brain to go offline, stop processing information from the outside world, and concentrate on maintenance functions like waste removal and immune surveillance. Disease development and cognitive decline are linked to sleep deprivation.

But could some sleep aids also lead to worse brain health as we age? Researching all the potential causes of cognitive decline is more crucial than ever, especially in light of a recent study in Nature Medicine that found that Americans’ risk of developing dementia after the age of 55 has more than doubled compared to previous estimates. For the first time, Hauglund is the first author of a study that uses a mouse model to describe the synchronized oscillations that occur during sleep and power the brain’s glymphatic system, which helps remove waste linked to neurodegenerative diseases. The study was published in the journal Cell. According to the survey, zolpidem, a popular prescription sleep aid sold under Ambien, may suppress these oscillations and interfere with the brain’s ability to eliminate waste while you sleep.

What powers the brain’s ‘waste-removal’ system?
For this study, scientists recorded the brain activity of mice both awake and asleep using a variety of technologies. Researchers found that the brain’s waste-removing glymphatic system is essentially powered by slow, synchronized oscillations of the neurotransmitter norepinephrine, cerebral blood, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) during non-REM sleep. The brain uses cerebrospinal fluid, a fluid produced inside the brain, to flush the brain tissue and wash away unwanted molecules. This makes our brain unique because it lacks lymphatic vessels, which remove waste products like dead cells and bacteria from the rest of our body, she explained.

The glymphatic system is the brain’s cleaning mechanism. Crucially, the glymphatic system only activates during non-REM sleep, which is the deepest phase of sleep. This is due to a neuromodulator called norepinephrine, which is released in slow cycles approximately every 50 seconds during non-REM sleep. Nedergaard informed us that norepinephrine causes the arteries to constrict by binding to their muscle cells. Consequently, a gradual fluctuation in the brain’s blood volume and artery diameter is caused by the slow oscillation in norepinephrine concentration. Cerebrospinal fluid is transported through the brain’s tissue and along the arteries by this dynamic change in blood volume, which functions as a pump. She explained that norepinephrine thus controls the glymphatic system by coordinating the synchronized dilatation and constriction of the blood vessels.

Sleep aids may disrupt the brain’s glymphatic system
The possibility that sleep aids could mimic the natural oscillations required for the glymphatic function was also investigated. They concentrated their investigation on zolpidem, a sedative. They found that zolpidem seemed to stop norepinephrine oscillations, which disrupted the brain’s glymphatic system’s ability to remove waste while you slept. Although our research indicates that sleep medication may not have the same positive effects as natural, restorative sleep, sleep aids may offer a shortcut to sleep, according to Hauglund. Our results highlight the importance of using sleep aids sparingly and only as a last resort. Sleep is essential because it allows the brain to complete homeostatic housekeeping functions like eliminating waste. Conversely, sleep aids hinder the brain’s ability to properly prepare for each new day by blocking the neuromodulators that control the waste removal system.

Should sleep-aid users be concerned?
As per Segal’s perspective, not being part of the recent study, the advantages derived from enhanced sleep due to the use of sleep aids like zolpidem seemingly fail to surpass any alleged negative impact this medication may have on decreasing REM sleep, consequently lowering brain neurotransmitter levels, subsequently affecting brain protein levels. The numerous ‘in turn’ assertions do not instill any worry in me that this research holds any substantial clinical relevance, he mentioned. Clinical neurologists, including myself, are not apprehensive about the possibility of zolpidem misuse leading to dementia in the elderly population struggling with insomnia.

It is difficult for clinical neurologists like me to agree that sleeping pills will cause dementia. I would tell my patients that the advantages of getting a good night’s sleep outweigh any potential risks that may arise, such as dementia or memory loss as they age. The relationship between brain health, sleep quality, and general healthPolos, who was not involved in the study, said he found the results intriguing. “There is no question that the glymphatic system can work in synchrony with different transmitters and waste products in the brain,” he said.

According to this study, changes to this delicate balance may have cellular and possibly therapeutic repercussions. Though intriguing, we must keep in mind that this is an animal study and that extrapolating results from it to humans should be done carefully, as is frequently the case. It does, however, provide physicians with a phenomenon that merits some discussion. “We definitely would like to see if studies could assess the impact of sleep aids on human glymphatic flow if more work were to be done in this area,” Polos added. Naturally, noninvasive methods and possibly some sophisticated imaging would be needed for this. Even in small quantities, such data would be useful.

He went on to say that it is impossible to overstate the connection between the brain, restful sleep, and general health. As sleep physicians, we fully support ongoing research into the relationship between the brain, sleep, and general health because the rhythmic nature of sleep and the regular cycling of sleep stages have been thoroughly studied. We have learned a lot about the effects of changes in the brain and how they affect sleep, but we still have a lot to learn.

Alzheimer’s: Managing sleep problems

Alzheimer’s: Managing sleep problems

Comments 0 Comment

Sleep disturbances can be very taxing on both of you if you are providing care for a loved one who has Alzheimer’s. Here are some tips for encouraging restful sleep.
Alzheimer’s disease and sleep issues frequently coexist. Learn what causes sleep issues in individuals suffering from Alzheimer’s or other dementias, as well as what you can do to support them.

Common sleep problems related to dementia:
While many older adults have trouble falling asleep, those who have dementia frequently struggle more. Up to 25% of persons with mild to moderate dementia and 50% of those with severe dementia may experience sleep disturbances. The severity of sleep disturbances increases with dementia progression. Oversleeping during the day and insomnia, or trouble falling and staying asleep, are examples of potential sleep issues. Both early morning awakenings and frequent nighttime awakenings are typical. Sundowning is a phenomenon that people with dementia may also encounter in the evening or at night. They could experience confusion, agitation, anxiety, and aggression. In this kind of state of mind, night wandering can be dangerous. Alzheimer’s patients also have an increased risk of obstructive sleep apnea. Sleeping with this potentially dangerous sleep disorder results in frequent stops and starts in breathing.

A need for less sleep, which is common among older adults, mental and physical exhaustion at the end of the day, changes in the body clock, disorientation, decreased lighting, and increased shadows, which can make people with dementia feel scared and confused, are some factors that may lead to sleep disturbances and sundowning.

Supporting a good night’s sleep:
Sleep disturbances can harm the dementia patient as well as you. To encourage improved sleep: Address underlying issues. Sleep issues can occasionally be brought on by illnesses like depression, sleep apnea, or restless legs syndrome. Make a schedule. Keep your eating, sleeping, and waking hours consistent. Steer clear of stimulants. Nicotine, caffeine, and alcohol can all disrupt your sleep. Use of these drugs should be restricted, particularly at night.

Additionally, avoid watching TV at night when you are awake. Promote exercise. Walking and other physical activity can help you get a better night’s sleep. Minimize sleep during the day. Prevent taking afternoon naps. Create a calm atmosphere in the evening. Read aloud to the person or play calming music to aid in their relaxation. A well-cooled bedroom can aid in the dementia patient’s quality of sleep. Control your drug intake.

Insomnia may result from taking certain antidepressants, including venlafaxine and bupropion. While cholinesterase inhibitors, like donepezil, can help with behavioral and cognitive symptoms in Alzheimer’s patients, they can also make them sleep-deprived. Speak with the doctor if the dementia patient is taking these kinds of drugs. It’s usually beneficial to take the medication no later than dinner. Think about melatonin. Melatonin may lessen sundowning and promote better sleep in dementia patients. Give enough light. People with dementia may have fewer disruptions in their sleep-wake cycles when receiving bright light therapy in the evening. Enough illumination at night.

Remain composed if the dementia sufferer wakes up in the middle of the night, despite your own exhaustion. Avoid arguing. Ask the person what they need instead. Anxiety or pain at night may be the source of agitation. Try to identify the cause of the issue, whether it’s constipation, a full bladder, or an uncomfortable temperature in the room. Remind him or her gently that it’s time to go to bed since it’s nighttime. Don’t hold the person back if they need to pace. Rather, let it happen under your watchful eye.

The doctor may suggest sleep aids if non-pharmacological methods aren’t producing the desired results. However, older people who are cognitively impaired are more likely to fall and become confused when taking sleep-inducing medications. Therefore, it is usually not advised to use sedative sleep aids for this group. If the doctor prescribes these drugs, he or she will probably advise trying to stop taking them as soon as a regular sleep schedule is established.

You may not have the patience and energy necessary to care for someone who has dementia if you’re not getting enough sleep. Additionally, the person may sense your stress and grow agitated. Try to arrange for friends or family to stay with you on alternate nights. Alternatively, to find out what support is offered in your area, speak with a local Alzheimer’s Association representative, a social worker, or a doctor.

REFERENCES:
https://www.webmd.com/alzheimers/alzheimers-sleep-problems
https://www.sleepfoundation.org/physical-health/alzheimers-disease-and-sleep
https://www.alzheimers.org.uk/about-dementia/symptoms-and-diagnosis/sleep-problems-treatments-dementia
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/alzheimers-and-sleep

Medications that have been suggested by doctors worldwide are available here
https://mygenericpharmacy.com/category/products/disease/sleep-disorder

Treatments for Sleep Changes

Treatments for Sleep Changes

Comments 0 Comment

Individuals suffering from Alzheimer’s disease frequently struggle to fall asleep or may notice alterations in their sleep routine. Researchers are still unsure of the exact cause of these sleep disruptions. Similar to modifications in behavior and memory, sleep abnormalities are inextricably linked to the brain damage caused by Alzheimer’s disease. It is always best to try non-drug coping mechanisms first when handling sleep changes.

Common sleep changes
Sleep patterns are altered in a large number of Alzheimer’s patients. The reason why this occurs is not fully understood by scientists. Similar to alterations in behavior and memory, sleep abnormalities are inextricably linked to the brain damage caused by Alzheimer’s disease. Sleep disturbances are also common in older adults without dementia, but they tend to be more severe and occur more frequently in those with Alzheimer’s. While some studies have found sleep abnormalities in the early stages of the disease, there is evidence that they are more common in later stages.


Sleep changes in Alzheimer’s may include: the inability to sleep. Many who have Alzheimer’s disease wake up more frequently and remain awake through the night more often. Reduces in dreaming and non-dreaming stages of sleep are observed in brain wave studies. People with trouble falling asleep may wander, be unable to stay still, or scream or call out, which can keep their carers awake. naps during the day and other changes to the sleep-wake cycle. People may experience extreme daytime sleepiness followed by difficulty falling asleep at night. In the late afternoon or early evening, they might become agitated or restless, a phenomenon known as “sundowning.”.

According to expert estimates, people with advanced Alzheimer’s disease sleep a large portion of the day and spend approximately 40% of the night awake in bed. Extreme situations may cause a person’s typical pattern of daytime wakefulness and nighttime sleep to completely reverse.

Contributing medical factors
A comprehensive medical examination should be performed on anyone having trouble sleeping to rule out any curable conditions that might be causing the issue. Depression, restless legs syndrome, which causes unpleasant “crawling” or “tingling” sensations in the legs and an overwhelming urge to move them, and sleep apnea, which is an abnormal breathing pattern in which people briefly stop breathing many times a night, leading to poor sleep quality, are a few conditions that can exacerbate sleep problems. Treatment options for sleep disorders primarily caused by Alzheimer’s disease include both non-drug and drug approaches.

The National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the majority of experts strongly advise against using medication in favor of non-drug measures. Research has indicated that the general quality of older adults’ sleep is not enhanced by sleep medications. The risks of using sleep aids include an increased risk of falls and other problems that might offset any therapeutic advantages.

Non-drug treatments for sleep changes
Non-pharmacological therapies seek to lessen midday naps and enhance sleep hygiene and routine. It is always advisable to try non-drug coping strategies before taking medication because some sleep aids have serious side effects. Maintaining regular mealtimes, bedtimes, and wake-up times, seeking morning sunlight exposure, and regularly scheduled exercise, but no later than four hours before bedtime, avoiding alcohol, caffeine, and nicotine, treating any pain, making sure the bedroom temperature is comfortable, providing nightlights and security objects, discouraging the person from staying in bed while awake, and encouraging them to use the bed only for sleep, are all important ways to create a welcoming sleeping environment and promote rest for someone with Alzheimer’s disease.

Medications for sleep changes
Sometimes non-drug treatments don’t work as planned, or the sleep disruptions are accompanied by unruly behavior at night. Experts advise that treatment for those who do need medication “begin low and go slow.”. Using sleep aids when an older person has cognitive impairment carries a significant risk. These include a heightened risk of fractures and falls, disorientation, and a deterioration in self-care skills. When a regular sleep pattern has been established, an attempt should be made to stop using sleep medications.

The kinds of behaviors that may accompany sleep changes can have a significant impact on the type of medication that a doctor prescribes. Using an antipsychotic medication should only be decided very carefully. Studies have indicated that these medications raise the risk of stroke and death in elderly dementia patients. The U.S. S. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has mandated that manufacturers label these medications with a disclaimer that states they are not authorized to treat symptoms of dementia and a “black box” warning about potential risks.

Reference:

https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/treatments/for-sleep-changes
https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/caregivers/in-depth/alzheimers/art-20047832
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0197457218300466
https://www.mcmasteroptimalaging.org/blog/detail/blog/2023/08/17/non-drug-options-for-dementia-related-sleep-problems

Medications that have been suggested by doctors worldwide are available here
https://mygenericpharmacy.com/category/disease/alzheimer-disease

Why dementia risk is higher for people with irregular sleep patterns

Why dementia risk is higher for people with irregular sleep patterns

Comments 0 Comment

Maintaining a regular sleep schedule is just as important to your general health as getting enough sleep. According to a recent study that was published in Neurology, persons with extremely erratic sleep patterns may be more susceptible to dementia than people with more regular sleep patterns. An average of 62 years old, 88,094 people were observed by researchers over about 7 years.

A wrist device was worn by participants for a week to track their regularity and sleep cycle. The group created a score for irregular sleep patterns based on these data. After that, the researchers looked through the participants’ medical records to determine which of them had dementia. They discovered that the highest sleep irregularity was associated with a 53% higher risk of dementia development compared to moderate sleep irregularity.

According to Matthew Pase, PhD, of Monash University in Melbourne, Australia, the correlation between sporadic sleep patterns and the likelihood of developing dementia was strong, particularly considering the size of the sample. He made this observation to Healthline. Additionally, the results were unaffected by the length or disruption of sleep, indicating that regularity of sleep is significant in and of itself. Based on this data, researchers and the general public should think about sleep regularity in addition to overall sleep duration and quality when defining what constitutes good sleep.

Future research, according to study co-author Pase, could look into whether getting enough sleep enhances memory. Research may also look into the mechanisms relating regular sleep patterns to dementia. For instance, are there any connections in the brain between regular sleep patterns and Alzheimer’s disease? Pase said.

According to sleep experts, the human body naturally follows circadian rhythms, or sleep-wake cycles, which are synchronized with the time of day. A pattern of day-night oscillation of neural, hormonal, and other regulatory system patterns that respond best to environmental light is known as the circadian system. This especially applies to sunlight. According to experts, this system is impacted by irregular sleep patterns, which may also increase the risk of cognitive decline.

The circadian timing system, which runs concurrently with our sleeping and waking, is challenged by irregular sleep patterns, according to Mary A. Carskadon, Ph.D., a professor of psychiatry and human behavior at Brown University’s Warren Alpert Medical School. The circadian system receives a strong “darkness” signal from sleep, which aids in establishing and maintaining circadian timing.

According to Dr. Sudha Tallavajhula, medical director of the Neurological Sleep Medicine Center at TIRR Memorial Hermann and a sleep neurologist at UTHealth Houston, sleep is a natural human phenomenon that should be synchronized with day-night rhythms. Multiple networks collaborate to coordinate immune response, hormone production, and other vital organ system functions, all aimed at regulating the human rest-activity cycle. These networks begin with specialized cells in our eyes.

Tallavajhula did not contribute to the research. Cerebrospinal fluid has been shown in recent research to aid in the brain’s waste-removal process while you sleep. A recently identified role of sleep is the brain’s glymphatic system, which is responsible for removing waste materials from the brain, or Carskadon. It’s easy to see how a series of these actions could lead to a potentially dangerous build-up of material that, over time, could impair cognitive function. A regular schedule for going to bed and waking up is crucial for maintaining regular sleep patterns.

The US. S. The following are suggestions for improving sleep quality from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Establish a regular bedtime and wake-up time. Make sure your bedroom is peaceful, cozy, and dark. Do not store electronics in your bedroom, such as a laptop, tablet, or phone. Large meals, coffee, and alcohol should be avoided right before bed. Engage in regular exercise. Regular sleep schedules are important, Tallavajhula agrees.

The most frequent action that specialists in sleep medicine recommend to enhance sleep is establishing a regular schedule, according to Tallavajhula. It’s like working out at the gym, only this is mental exercise. Some individuals may find it difficult to stick to a regular sleep and wake-up schedule, particularly shift workers.

That’s when Tallavajhula suggested avoiding rotating shifts and adopting a different sleep schedule. In contrast to those who sleep more regularly, individuals with irregular sleep patterns may be more susceptible to dementia, according to recent research. Cognitive performance is negatively impacted by irregular sleep, which disrupts the body’s circadian rhythm. Both getting enough sleep and adhering to a regular sleep schedule are crucial, according to experts.

REFERENCES:

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/why-dementia-risk-is-higher-for-people-with-irregular-sleep-patterns
https://www.healthline.com/health-news/building-lean-muscle-may-help-decrease-risk-of-alzheimers-disease
https://www.aan.com/PressRoom/Home/PressRelease/5132

Medications that have been suggested by doctors worldwide are available here
https://mygenericpharmacy.com/index.php?cPath=77_314

A study reveals that alcohol and caffeine deplete sleep quantity and quality.

A study reveals that alcohol and caffeine deplete sleep quantity and quality.

Comments 0 Comment

Sleep deprivation is regarded by researchers as an underappreciated global health problem. Alcohol is frequently used at night to aid in sleep and caffeine during the day to keep people awake when they have sleep problems. Researchers at the University of Washington School of Medicine discovered that users of both drugs did not feel as though their quality of sleep had decreased. Scientists surmise that this misguided perception could set off an unconscious cycle of self-medication that results in restless nights. Researchers believe that sleep deprivation is an underappreciated global health issue. Studies from the past indicate that symptoms of insomnia affect about one-third of people worldwide. Furthermore, up to 70 million Americans suffer from a sleep disorder. Caffeinated beverages are frequently consumed during the day by people who experience daytime fatigue due to inadequate sleep. These same individuals might also use alcohol as a sleep aid at night. This new research, which looks at how using alcohol and caffeine affects overall sleep, is the first of its kind and was just published in the journal PLOS ONE. Even though each substance lowers perceived sleep quality when studied separately, researchers from the University of Washington School of Medicine discovered that study participants who used alcohol at night and caffeine during the day did not perceive a reduction in their sleep quality.

Scientists surmise that this misguided perception could set off an unconscious cycle of self-medication that results in restless nights. Frank Song, lead author of this study and a researcher in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at the University of Washington School of Medicine, notes that while previous research has shown people the detrimental effects of alcohol and caffeine on sleep, no study has examined the combined effects of the two substances on sleep as people go about their daily lives. A study on alcohol use that was released in October 2021 discovered that a higher alcohol intake was linked to shorter sleep duration and lower sleep quality. Alcohol is known to cause sleep disturbances in a number of ways, including aberrant circadian rhythms and an increase in breathing-related sleep disorders, according to research published in December 2019. Regarding caffeine consumption during the day, a September 2023 study found that caffeine can postpone the onset of REM sleep. Furthermore, studies have shown that prolonged caffeine use can impair the quality of a person’s sleep, even though it may help someone feel and stay awake during the day.

For this study, Song and his colleagues measured the sleep-related metrics and alcohol and caffeine consumption patterns of 17 male, full-time financial traders over the course of six weeks using digital daily surveying tools. “We decided to focus on financial traders since, as an investment analyst on Wall Street, I worked with many traders, and we know from research that this is an adult population that regularly consumes both caffeine and alcohol,” Song told Medical News Today. “They value alertness and mental acuity during the day, which I think represents the lifestyles of many working adults,” he said. “Also, their profession requires high attention and cognitive speed.”. When caffeine consumption was examined separately, researchers discovered that, on average, each cup consumed the day before decreased the amount of sleep that study participants reported getting. Based on earlier studies on caffeine and sleep, Song stated, “We had anticipated we would find an actual caffeine-induced decrease in sleep duration.”. The size of the reduction caught us off guard because it was greater than we had anticipated. Additionally, they discovered that individuals who had alcohol the night before reported, on average, a 3% decline in sleep quality with each drink. “This made sense to us because we had also predicted this decline based on what we learned from prior research on alcohol and sleep,” Song said.

REFERENCES:

https://fox59.com/news/national-world/alcohol-and-caffeine-together-have-a-surprising-effect-on-sleep-study/
https://newsroom.uw.edu/news/brief-surprise-study-alcohol-caffeine-and-sleep
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6292246/
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/alcohol-caffeine-hurt-sleep-quality-sleep-quantity

For Sleep deprivation medications that have been suggested by doctors worldwide are available here https://mygenericpharmacy.com/search.php?keywords=sleep

Obstructive sleep apnea & cardiovascular disease links.

Obstructive sleep apnea & cardiovascular disease links.

Comments 0 Comment

According to a recent study, a major contributing component in the association between obstructive sleep apnea and elevated cardiovascular risk may be decreased blood oxygen levels.

More than 4,500 middle-aged and elderly persons conducted medical check-ins and sleep tests, and the researchers analyzed the data from these participants.

According to their theories, the source of this connection may be a significant drop in blood oxygen levels during sleep. This results in severe airway blockage.

When the upper airway becomes clogged while you’re sleeping, you develop obstructive sleep apnea. The airflow of the person is reduced or stopped as a result.

One’s likelihood of getting obstructive sleep apnea is affected by a number of things, such as:

  • obesity
  • extensive tonsils
  • undergoing alterations in hormone levels.

The most prevalent form of sleep-disordered breathing is obstructive sleep apnea. According to a study from 2020, one-seventh of adults worldwide are expected to develop sleep apnea.

Previous studies have shown that obstructive sleep apnea is linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease.

“Sleep problems, including sleep apnea, significantly contribute to cardiovascular morbidity, as well as all-cause mortality,” Dr. Marishka Brown, head of the National Centre on Sleep Disorder Research (NCSDR), told specialists.

The relationship between obstructive sleep apnea and elevated cardiovascular risk is now the focus of a new investigation. It implies that low blood oxygen levels may be the reason of the connection.

Additional to the standard sleep apnea measurements

The Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI) measures how many apneas or hypopneas a person has per hour of sleep. Apneas occur when breathing ceases or is diminished. The degree of obstructive sleep apnea can be determined using this traditional method.

According to Dr. Brown, “They use that for pretty much everything as far as this disorder, but what the research has been finding and really what this paper as well as strongly supporting is that there are other measures besides the use of the AHI as the primary diagnostic or prognostic for people with apnea.”

In the investigation, Dr. Brown was not involved. However, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), a division of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), which provided partial funding for this study, is home to the NCSDR.

In their publication describing the findings, researchers emphasize that the AHI does not offer data on the severity and duration of “ventilatory deficit, oxygen desaturation, and arousals.”

Different obstructive sleep apnea symptoms

To explain why certain persons with the disorder are more prone than others to develop cardiovascular disease or pass away, the researchers in this study detailed various physiological aspects of obstructive sleep apnea.

As Dr. Brown noted, “Recent research, especially over the past few years, has shown that patients with obstructive sleep apnea are quite heterogeneous, meaning that not all people who experience sleep apnea have the disorder for the same reason.”

To support personalized therapy, she said, “Trying to identify the mechanisms underlying obstructive sleep apnea for an individual is quite an imperative.”

The study looked at several physiological aspects of obstructive sleep apnea, including:

  • Hypoxic burden: During sleep, there is a decrease in blood oxygen levels, or hypoxic load.
  • Ventilatory burden: Breathing pauses brought on by airway blockage
  • Nighttime arousals: Arousals during the night, which occur when someone is startled awake by disrupted breathing.

“I think what they’re getting at here with these three different types of burdens from a conceptual standpoint, I can see how disruptions to sleep and in these forms might have different effects on your cardiovascular health,” said Dr. Yu-Ming Ni, a cardiologist, and lipidologist at the MemorialCare Heart and Vascular Institute at Orange Coast Medical Centre in Fountain Valley, California. He wasn’t a part of the investigation.

Effects on elderly and middle-aged people

More than 4,500 middle-aged and older adults who took part in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) and the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study (MrOS) provided data that the researchers analysed.

The NHLBI funded the MESA, which was created to research the features of preclinical cardiovascular disease. Researchers collected information from 1,973 men and women who took part in MESA for their investigation of the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea and cardiovascular risk. The individuals were followed for approximately 7 years, and the average participant age was 67.

2,627 men’s records from the MrOS study were used by the researchers. The subjects were followed for roughly 9 to 12 years, with an average age of 76. The MrOS project, which was supported by the NIH, sought to determine the risk factors for osteoporosis and bone fracture in older men.

Both research required participants to submit medical check-ups and thorough sleep evaluations. Participants were observed by researchers through 2018. A primary cardiovascular incident was experienced by about 110 MESA individuals and 382 MrOS participants, respectively.

REFERENCES:

For Sleep Apnea medications that have been suggested by doctors worldwide are available here https://mygenericpharmacy.com/index.php?therapy=28

Cognitive function: Can better sleep absorption improve it?

Cognitive function: Can better sleep absorption improve it?

Comments 0 Comment

The association between obstructive sleep apnea, insufficient sleep, and cognitive performance was further explored in a new research that examined data from five population-based studies.

Greater sleep consolidation and preventing obstructive sleep apnea, in which breathing is interrupted while sleeping, were connected to greater cognitive function in the subjects, according to the data.

On the other hand, less sleep was associated with concerns like poor focus and other cognitive problems.

According to a study published in JAMA Network Open, sleep consolidation and the absence of obstructive sleep apnea may be crucial for enhancing cognition with ageing in persons without dementia.

Data from five population-based studies conducted across the United States with at least five years of follow-up were examined by researchers. Studies included cognitive tests and nightly sleep studies. They examined the information from March 2020 to June 2023.

The researchers examined sleep studies that focused on sleep apnea and sleep consolidation and their relationships to dementia risk as well as associated cognitive and brain function.

5,945 persons without a history of stroke or dementia participated in the study.

The results showed that longer sleep duration was linked to better attention and processing speed, while better sleep consolidation and the absence of obstructive sleep apnea were related with worse cognitive function.

Sleep that is uninterrupted by nighttime awakenings and is continuous is referred to as consolidated sleep. The hallmark of obstructive sleep apnea is episodes of airway collapse, which can lower oxygen levels and lead to fragmented, unrestorative sleep.

What can we learn from this sleep study?

Over the course of the 5-year follow-up, the researchers discovered that stronger sleep consolidation and the lack of sleep apnea were related to better cognition.

The researchers hypothesised that these results demonstrated the necessity for additional study on the effect of therapies in enhancing consolidated sleep to preserve cognitive function.

“Some aspects [of this study] were predictable and further reinforced concepts related to the association between sleep and cognition over time,” said Dr. Vernon Williams, a sports neurologist, pain management expert, and founding director of the Centre for Sports Neurology and Pain Medicine at Cedars-Sinai Kerlan-Jobe Institute in Los Angeles who was not involved in the research.

The lack of a correlation between cognitive deterioration and particular sleep stages was an intriguing and less expected finding in this study. A decrease in slow-wave, deep sleep would have been expected to be more harmful than other stages, however this was not the case. Though there are a lot of plausible answers, that is a fascinating discovery, said Dr. Vernon Williams.

Dr. Williams continued, “This study [further] helps by demonstrating effects across multiple participant groups and by demonstrating that overall sleep efficiency, as well as the presence of obstructive sleep apnea, significantly affect cognition over time, whether or not a prior diagnosis exists.”

Obstructive sleep apnea: What is it?

Breathing pauses during sleep are a common symptom of obstructive sleep apnea. According to the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, it restarts frequently while you sleep.

According to medical professionals, between 9 and 17% of women and between 25 and 30% of males are believed to suffer from obstructive sleep apnea. Age increases prevalence.

The most prevalent kind of sleep apnea is caused by a collapse or restriction of the upper airway, which prevents airflow. When this occurs, the person briefly stops breathing before restarting it while they are sleeping, and they normally are not aware of it.

It may result in restless sleep, difficulty focusing, and issues with memory and decision-making.

The American Lung Association lists the following as symptoms of sleep apnea:

  • snoring
  • daytime slumber
  • breathing breaks
  • memory and attention issues
  • Moodiness and annoyance
  • frequent nighttime awakenings for urination
  • daily headaches
  • mouth arid.

It is connected to other medical issues as well. Obstructive sleep apnea may increase the risk of high blood pressure, diabetes, heart disease, and stroke, according to research.

How to lessen the symptoms of sleep apnea

A functional medicine physician and health and wellness coach named Dr. Laura DeCesaris, who was not involved in the study, stated that lifestyle modifications like decreasing weight, quitting smoking, and abstaining from alcohol can lessen obstructive sleep apnea.

She also provided the following advice for enhancing sleep:

  • Managing stress more skillfully and paying attention to where the body stores stress can help prevent forward head carriage and other breathing problems. Many people hold tension in their necks and shoulders.
  • monitoring your sleeping position, as side sleeping can occasionally aid with symptoms
  • Since chronic inflammation in the gut and nasal passages frequently makes it difficult to breathe through the nose, changing the diet and, when possible, switching to a more anti-inflammatory diet may be helpful.
  • exercising consistently
  • Especially in a dry area, remember to stay hydrated and consider installing a humidifier in your bedroom.

REFERENCES:

For Mental disease medications that have been suggested by doctors worldwide are available here https://mygenericpharmacy.com/index.php?cPath=77_478