Can heart attacks and strokes be prevented with semaglutide injections such as Ozempic

Can heart attacks and strokes be prevented with semaglutide injections such as Ozempic

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In a large new randomized controlled trial, semaglutide—the active ingredient in weight-loss medications Ozempic and Wegovy—significantly decreased the number of cardiac events in individuals without diabetes. Every study participant had pre-existing cardiovascular disease, defined as a BMI over 27 and a history of a heart attack, stroke, or symptomatic peripheral arterial disease. Even though semaglutide-associated weight loss is probably a contributing factor to the decrease in cardiac events, the study’s authors observed a decrease in events even prior to reaching maximum weight loss. The chemical name for the blood-sugar-controlling medications Rybelsus, Wegovy, and Ozempic—which were created for diabetics—is semaglutide. Additionally approved as weight-loss drugs in the U.S. are Ozempic and Wegovy. S. According to earlier studies, semaglutide lowers the risk of cardiovascular disease in diabetics. According to a recent large-scale international trial, semaglutide may have positive cardiovascular effects even in those without diabetes. The new study found that taking semaglutide for three years reduced heart attacks, strokes, and deaths by 20% for individuals with pre-existing cardiovascular disease (CVD) who were overweight or obese and took a placebo.

More than 17,000 persons with preexisting cardiovascular disease who were overweight or obese were enrolled in the randomized, controlled study. Neither type 1 nor type 2 diabetes was present. 15,425 participants ultimately finished the trial. On semaglutide, study participants lost an average of 9.4% of their body weight. Semaglutide causes weight loss that lasts as long as the patient takes the drug. It is usually taken for the rest of one’s life. Even though a significant weight loss may lower cardiovascular disease risk factors, the trial indicates that more is happening. Dr. 1. Semaglutide is a GLP-1 agonist; according to Michael Lincoff, it’s a hormone that’s derived from the gut. GLP-1 agonists are released into the gastrointestinal tract and work by going to the brain’s hunger centers to suppress appetite and cravings, according to Dr. Jayne Morgan, a cardiologist and clinical director of the Piedmont Healthcare Corporation’s Covid Task Force in Atlanta, Georgia, who was not involved in the study.

Semaglutide can inhibit glucagon, enhance the production of insulin, and slow stomach emptying by activating receptors in the pancreas. The result of all these activities is a decrease in food intake and appetite. The study’s authors speculate that participants’ heart health was enhanced by more than just losing weight. Dr. Lincoff stated, We saw differences in the [number of cardiovascular] event rates very early on, within a few months of starting the drug, but the maximum weight loss didn’t occur until 65 weeks after starting the drug. Dr. GLP-1 agonists stimulate the same receptors which are present in a lot of different parts of the body, according to Lincoff. These can be found in the pancreas, heart, blood vessels, brain, gut, and other organs. Dr. Nicole Weinberg, a cardiologist who was not involved in the study, hypothesized that semaglutide’s benefits for CVD patients might be related to a decrease in blood sugar levels that cause inflammation all over the body. Dr. Weinberg stated, The more chronic inflammation you have in your body, the more at risk you are for a variety of different conditions.

In cardiology, inflammation or the depositing or plaquing of cholesterol within the body are two of our main concerns. And a lot of that can be caused by the inflammation that high blood sugar causes, Dr. Weinberg went on. Furthermore, blood sugar spikes might not only affect those who have diabetes. Dr. Dot Weinberg continued, We’re beginning to understand that people have blood sugar spikes, and even just spikes in blood sugar are dangerous to people’s cardiovascular health.. Dr. Perhaps their blood pressure and cholesterol are well-managed, but we’re still seeing that there are continued levels of atherosclerosis that are depositing despite what one would consider to be traditional medical therapy, stated Weinberg, indicating that she will support semaglutide for specific patients. High blood pressure, diabetes, and other factors are frequently linked to obesity’s negative health effects. Semaglutide is the first medication that can directly lower the risk of obesity, according to Dr. Lincoff, who also stated that obesity carries an excess risk of heart disease, and that risk is not completely explained by or controlled by risks associated with high body weight.. As modifiable risk factors, high blood pressure, diabetes, smoking, and cholesterol put us in the same place. Beside those, obesity is another modifiable risk factor that can be controlled in order to prevent heart disease.

The price and accessibility of semaglutide are two practical problems. Dr. The drug costs $1,300 a month, according to Morgan, which is problematic if the medication is meant to be a lifetime maintenance treatment for heart disease, diabetes, and obesity prevention and mitigation. The annual cost of this medication alone is close to $16,000. Weinberg brought up U’s limited character. S. coverage for semaglutide insurance. It remains inaccessible to certain individuals. I believe that as research and data increase, obtaining this medication will get easier and easier for people, the speaker stated. Dr. Morgan would have preferred that the trials included a more representative sample of participants. Despite making up more than 51% of the global population, women made up only 28% of trial participants. Moreover, this trial did not even identify menopausal women, who have the highest risk of heart disease, she said. According to her, Black [people] fared even worse, comprising just under 4 percent of trial participants, despite making up nearly 18 percent of the world’s population. 9 percent of the world’s population is white, yet 85 percent of the study participants were white. Dr. Morgan stated that the medication may be a potential game-changer for diabetes management, obesity management, and cardiovascular health, especially as we age, even though more research is needed and accessibility concerns need to be resolved. The leading cause of death in the United States is heart disease. S. Heart disease was not overthrown, she noted, even during the height of the COVID pandemic. She stated, The cardiac endpoints are crucial pieces of information that continue to boost these compounds into prime time and beyond, with our growing obesity and diabetes epidemics in younger and younger demographics.

REFERENCES:

https://abcnews.go.com/GMA/Wellness/semaglutide-helps-reduce-risk-heart-attack-stroke-people/story?id=104844299
https://www.uchealth.org/today/wegovy-study-finds-weight-loss-drug-semaglutide-cuts-heart-attacks-strokes-cardiac-deaths/
https://www.healthline.com/health-news/semaglutide-reduces-heart-attack-stroke-risk
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/semaglutide-injections-ozempic-wegovy-help-prevent-heart-attacks-stroke

For heart disease medications that have been suggested by doctors worldwide are available here https://mygenericpharmacy.com/index.php?cPath=77_99

Consuming strawberries has been associated with better mood and cognitive function in overweight adults.

Consuming strawberries has been associated with better mood and cognitive function in overweight adults.

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A recent randomized, controlled study found that eating strawberries in middle age may help prevent depression and cognitive decline in later life. Participants in the study were middle-aged individuals who self-reported as having mild cognitive decline and who were overweight and insulin resistant. According to the study’s authors, the neuroprotective agent may be anthocyanins, which are bioactive compounds found in berries like blueberries, strawberries, and others. A neurologist endorsed strawberries as a nutritious food, but he was dubious about the study’s conclusions. A recent study found that middle-aged adults with obesity and insulin resistance who ate strawberries for 12 weeks experienced less depression and memory impairment. Because cognitive disorders, like Alzheimer’s disease, progress slowly over years starting in midlife, the authors of the study looked into dietary changes that might improve mood and slow the progression of dementias. The nutritional substance found in strawberries called anthocyanins is the subject of the study. The lead author of the study found that anthocyanins, which are also found in blueberries, may have enhanced executive brain function in earlier studies.

This investigation was a small-scale, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. There were 25 women and 5 men present. Two groups were formed out of them: one got a placebo and the other got strawberries. Prior to the commencement of the 12-week trial, the individuals’ neurocognitive health and mood were evaluated by the researchers. The experimental group was given instructions to consume one packet of powder mixed with liquid during the trial. The powder was made from freeze-dried and milled whole strawberries. The California Strawberry Commission, which provided funding for the study, determined that one cup of whole, fresh strawberries was the equivalent of one strawberry packet. The strawberry powder’s taste, appearance, and carbohydrate load were all replicated in the formulation of the placebo by the researchers. To avoid skewing the results of the study, neither group consumed any other berries during the trial period. This is because other berries might contain their own unique neuroprotective compounds. The study’s authors determined that participants’ self-reported mood and the frequency of intrusion errors were the main effects to be measured following the trial period. Repetition or memorization of words not included in a word-learning task are referred to as intrusion errors.

Following the study, the researchers saw a decrease in the number of intrusion errors as well as a decrease in the occurrence of depression. According to preventive cardiology dietitian Michelle Routhenstein, RD, CDE, CDN, who was not involved in the study, strawberries are rich in anthocyanins, which may have positive effects on cognitive and emotional health. The red color of strawberries is attributed to anthocyanins. Strong antioxidants with anti-neuroinflammatory qualities, anthocyanins are good for mental and emotional well-being. According to Routhenstein, anthocyanins are also present in other fruits, including mulberries, blackberries, blueberries, bilberries, and black currants. For many, frozen strawberries are the only options available for much of the year. According to Routhenstein, frozen strawberries are just as nutritious as fresh strawberries and, given their seasonality, may often be more tasty and convenient to eat, so there’s no need to worry. In order to prevent the vitamin C content from being destroyed when it is exposed to heat, like when microwaving, it is best to thaw them naturally, like in the refrigerator overnight. The authors of the study postulate that the anti-inflammatory properties of strawberries’ anthocyanins may provide protection against cognitive decline by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress.

It’s very hard as a clinical neurologist to say that food that’s going to be anti-inflammatory is going to protect you from memory loss, expressed skepticism from neurologist Dr. Clifford Segil. This is because we give people anti-inflammatory drugs like Motrin, Advil, and Alleve. How is a smart anti-inflammatory food going to affect you if those don’t protect you against memory loss? Strawberries seem like a good option. Dr. Segil continued. However, it’s difficult to say whether it would have neuroprotective effects. Dr. Studies like this one, according to Segil, frequently come across his desk, My favorite study to date has been one on syrups and how maple syrups are protective. My only wish is that syrup would be neuroprotective because my kids adore it. Nevertheless, some studies have linked the consumption of strawberries and their bioactive compound, pelargonidin, to a lower risk of the tau tangles that are a hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease.

REFERENCES:

https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/international/us/does-eating-strawberries-reduce-risks-of-dementia-know-what-researchers-have-to-say/articleshow/105190225.cms
https://www.psychiatrist.com/news/study-on-strawberries-and-brain-health-bears-fruit/
https://www.ndtv.com/science/a-cup-of-strawberries-a-day-may-reduce-dementia-risk-claims-study-4572642
https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/new-study-highlights-connection-with-strawberries-cognition-and-mood-in-middle-aged-overweight-adults-301981311.html

For medications that have been suggested by doctors worldwide are available here https://mygenericpharmacy.com

How studies on tiny blood vessels could aid in the prevention of vascular dementia and stroke.

How studies on tiny blood vessels could aid in the prevention of vascular dementia and stroke.

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Small blood vessel models are being grown in a lab to help researchers investigate the possible causes of cerebral small vessel disease. They stated that they hope to find viable treatments for the ailment, which can affect patients with type 2 diabetes and high blood pressure. Although the results are encouraging, experts warn that there is still much work to be done in this area of study. In order to determine what causes small blood vessel-like models to leak in people with specific medical conditions that raise the risk of vascular dementia and stroke, scientists at Cambridge University in England have grown the models in a lab. The journal Stem Cell Reports published the study’s findings today.

Small vessel disease (SVD) of the brain primarily occurs in two forms. The most prevalent usually affects people in their middle years and is linked to type 2 diabetes and elevated blood pressure. People in their mid-30s are typically found with the other rare form, which is inherited. A COL4 gene mutation is one of the causes. Researchers at Cambridge’s Victor Philip Dahdaleh Heart and Lung Research Institute used skin samples from patients suffering from a rare form of SVD brought on by COL4 gene mutations. Induced pluripotent stem cells, which can differentiate into nearly any type of cell in the body, were produced using these. By using these cells to create new cells, the researchers were able to model the disease that affects the brain vessels. The complex support system that surrounds cells, known as the extracellular matrix, was disrupted by the mutations in this particular form of SVD, according to the scientists. Tight junctions were especially affected by this disruption, which made the blood vessels leaky. The overproduction of molecules known as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which are required to preserve the extracellular matrix’s structure, was also linked to the disturbance that the researchers saw. The group used medications that block MMPs to treat the cells. To do this, they employed the anti-cancer medication marimastat, the antibiotic doxycycline, or both. According to the researchers, blocking the MMPs with medication halted the leak and undid the harm. They did point out that these medications can have harmful side effects.

SVD patients are routinely treated by Dr. Sean Savitz, a professor and the director of the Institute for Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases at UTHealth Houston. He expressed his admiration for the study’s conclusions to Medical News Today, but he issued a warning, noting that the researchers only examined rare genetic mutation cases. This is a very well-done study that raises some interesting questions about the biological and molecular alterations that may be underlying some of the pathologies observed in brains affected by small vessel disease (SVD). Not involved in the study, Savitz stated, SVD is very common, especially in older patients with vascular risk factors. He continued, It’s very interesting to use skin cells to recapitulate the conditions in small vessel disease. The fact that a common antibiotic could undo some of the changes seen was intriguing. But we must remember that the patients from whom the cells were taken had uncommon genetic mutations.

According to the researchers, approximately half (45%) of dementia cases globally and roughly one-fifth of ischemic strokes are caused by SVD. These happen when the brain’s blood and oxygen supply are cut off by a blood clot. They represent the most prevalent kind of stroke. According to an article published in Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine, cerebral small vessel disease is the most prevalent, progressive, and chronic type of vascular disease. It impacts the capillaries, arterioles, and tiny veins that supply the brain’s deep structures, including the white matter. According to Dr. Shae Datta, director of cognitive neurology at NYU Langone Hospital—Long Island and co-director of NYU Langone’s Concussion Center in New York, SVD causes cognitive impairment, ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke, problems with mobility, and neuropsychiatric symptoms. Datta, who was not involved in the study, told Medical News Today that regular exercise, healthy diet, Mediterranean diet, folic acid, and vitamin B12 and avoiding adverse lifestyle factors like smoking, excess alcohol, or high dietary sodium, are all associated with having fewer SVD features in observational studies.

According to Dr. Catherine Arnold, a neurologist at Northwell Lenox Hill in New York who was not involved in the study, there are typically multiple coexisting conditions with SVD. These may obstruct the course of therapy. In an interview with Medical News Today, Arnold stated, The results of this study allow a better understanding of some of the potential mechanisms behind the development of small vessel disease (SVD) and potential mechanisms for future treatments. However, this study alone does not provide enough clarity or insight to change practice entirely, given the likelihood of multiple co-existing processes that contribute to the disease, the speaker continued. Future research is necessary to determine whether the findings hold true for the majority of patients with cerebral small vessel disease who also have vascular risk factors like diabetes and hypertension, according to Savitz. Therefore, the results of these experiments cannot be immediately applied to a clinical setting; however, the study lays the groundwork for particular future treatment development directions. Other than vascular risk factor modifications, which include blood pressure, glucose, cholesterol, and adherence to a healthy diet, we do not currently have any specific treatments.

Treating the underlying cause of a condition, such as an ischemic stroke, is often the first step in treatment. According to Morales, secondary prevention strategies often involve the use of statins, glycemic control, antihypertensives, antithrombotics, and other medications in addition to encouraging social interaction, a Mediterranean diet, and frequent exercise. Medication side effects can contribute to compliance issues, which can arise frequently. Is it effective? Evidence suggests that some of the effects and progression of vascular disease can be mitigated by our current strategies; however, more effective precision-based medical strategies that target these mechanistic pathways are clearly needed.

REFERENCES:

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/how-research-into-small-blood-vessels-may-help-prevent-stroke-vascular-dementia
https://www.port.ac.uk/news-events-and-blogs/news/tiny-blood-vessels-in-brain-could-be-key-to-treating-vascular-dementia
https://www.cam.ac.uk/research/news/lab-grown-small-blood-vessels-point-to-potential-treatment-for-major-cause-of-stroke-and-vascular

For medications that have been suggested by doctors worldwide are available here https://mygenericpharmacy.com

How studies on tiny blood vessels could aid in the prevention of vascular dementia and stroke.

How studies on tiny blood vessels could aid in the prevention of vascular dementia and stroke.

Comments 0 Comment

Small blood vessel models are being grown in a lab to help researchers investigate the possible causes of cerebral small vessel disease. They stated that they hope to find viable treatments for the ailment, which can affect patients with type 2 diabetes and high blood pressure. Although the results are encouraging, experts warn that there is still much work to be done in this area of study. In order to determine what causes small blood vessel-like models to leak in people with specific medical conditions that raise the risk of vascular dementia and stroke, scientists at Cambridge University in England have grown the models in a lab. The journal Stem Cell Reports published the study’s findings today.

Small vessel disease (SVD) of the brain primarily occurs in two forms. The most prevalent usually affects people in their middle years and is linked to type 2 diabetes and elevated blood pressure. People in their mid-30s are typically found with the other rare form, which is inherited. A COL4 gene mutation is one of the causes. Researchers at Cambridge’s Victor Philip Dahdaleh Heart and Lung Research Institute used skin samples from patients suffering from a rare form of SVD brought on by COL4 gene mutations. Induced pluripotent stem cells, which can differentiate into nearly any type of cell in the body, were produced using these. By using these cells to create new cells, the researchers were able to model the disease that affects the brain vessels. The complex support system that surrounds cells, known as the extracellular matrix, was disrupted by the mutations in this particular form of SVD, according to the scientists. Tight junctions were especially affected by this disruption, which made the blood vessels leaky. The overproduction of molecules known as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which are required to preserve the extracellular matrix’s structure, was also linked to the disturbance that the researchers saw. The group used medications that block MMPs to treat the cells. To do this, they employed the anti-cancer medication marimastat, the antibiotic doxycycline, or both. According to the researchers, blocking the MMPs with medication halted the leak and undid the harm. They did point out that these medications can have harmful side effects.

SVD patients are routinely treated by Dr. Sean Savitz, a professor and the director of the Institute for Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases at UTHealth Houston. He expressed his admiration for the study’s conclusions to Medical News Today, but he issued a warning, noting that the researchers only examined rare genetic mutation cases. This is a very well-done study that raises some interesting questions about the biological and molecular alterations that may be underlying some of the pathologies observed in brains affected by small vessel disease (SVD). Not involved in the study, Savitz stated, SVD is very common, especially in older patients with vascular risk factors. He continued, It’s very interesting to use skin cells to recapitulate the conditions in small vessel disease. The fact that a common antibiotic could undo some of the changes seen was intriguing. But we must remember that the patients from whom the cells were taken had uncommon genetic mutations.

According to the researchers, approximately half (45%) of dementia cases globally and roughly one-fifth of ischemic strokes are caused by SVD. These happen when the brain’s blood and oxygen supply are cut off by a blood clot. They represent the most prevalent kind of stroke. According to an article published in Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine, cerebral small vessel disease is the most prevalent, progressive, and chronic type of vascular disease. It impacts the capillaries, arterioles, and tiny veins that supply the brain’s deep structures, including the white matter. According to Dr. Shae Datta, director of cognitive neurology at NYU Langone Hospital—Long Island and co-director of NYU Langone’s Concussion Center in New York, SVD causes cognitive impairment, ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke, problems with mobility, and neuropsychiatric symptoms. Datta, who was not involved in the study, told Medical News Today that regular exercise, healthy diet, Mediterranean diet, folic acid, and vitamin B12 and avoiding adverse lifestyle factors like smoking, excess alcohol, or high dietary sodium, are all associated with having fewer SVD features in observational studies.

According to Dr. Catherine Arnold, a neurologist at Northwell Lenox Hill in New York who was not involved in the study, there are typically multiple coexisting conditions with SVD. These may obstruct the course of therapy. In an interview with Medical News Today, Arnold stated, The results of this study allow a better understanding of some of the potential mechanisms behind the development of small vessel disease (SVD) and potential mechanisms for future treatments. However, this study alone does not provide enough clarity or insight to change practice entirely, given the likelihood of multiple co-existing processes that contribute to the disease, the speaker continued. Future research is necessary to determine whether the findings hold true for the majority of patients with cerebral small vessel disease who also have vascular risk factors like diabetes and hypertension, according to Savitz. Therefore, the results of these experiments cannot be immediately applied to a clinical setting; however, the study lays the groundwork for particular future treatment development directions. Other than vascular risk factor modifications, which include blood pressure, glucose, cholesterol, and adherence to a healthy diet, we do not currently have any specific treatments.

Treating the underlying cause of a condition, such as an ischemic stroke, is often the first step in treatment. According to Morales, secondary prevention strategies often involve the use of statins, glycemic control, antihypertensives, antithrombotics, and other medications in addition to encouraging social interaction, a Mediterranean diet, and frequent exercise. Medication side effects can contribute to compliance issues, which can arise frequently. Is it effective? Evidence suggests that some of the effects and progression of vascular disease can be mitigated by our current strategies; however, more effective precision-based medical strategies that target these mechanistic pathways are clearly needed.

REFERENCES:

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/how-research-into-small-blood-vessels-may-help-prevent-stroke-vascular-dementia
https://www.port.ac.uk/news-events-and-blogs/news/tiny-blood-vessels-in-brain-could-be-key-to-treating-vascular-dementia
https://www.cam.ac.uk/research/news/lab-grown-small-blood-vessels-point-to-potential-treatment-for-major-cause-of-stroke-and-vascular

For Alzheimer’s disease medications that have been suggested by doctors worldwide are available here https://mygenericpharmacy.com/index.php?cPath=77_239

A study reveals that alcohol and caffeine deplete sleep quantity and quality.

A study reveals that alcohol and caffeine deplete sleep quantity and quality.

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Sleep deprivation is regarded by researchers as an underappreciated global health problem. Alcohol is frequently used at night to aid in sleep and caffeine during the day to keep people awake when they have sleep problems. Researchers at the University of Washington School of Medicine discovered that users of both drugs did not feel as though their quality of sleep had decreased. Scientists surmise that this misguided perception could set off an unconscious cycle of self-medication that results in restless nights. Researchers believe that sleep deprivation is an underappreciated global health issue. Studies from the past indicate that symptoms of insomnia affect about one-third of people worldwide. Furthermore, up to 70 million Americans suffer from a sleep disorder. Caffeinated beverages are frequently consumed during the day by people who experience daytime fatigue due to inadequate sleep. These same individuals might also use alcohol as a sleep aid at night. This new research, which looks at how using alcohol and caffeine affects overall sleep, is the first of its kind and was just published in the journal PLOS ONE. Even though each substance lowers perceived sleep quality when studied separately, researchers from the University of Washington School of Medicine discovered that study participants who used alcohol at night and caffeine during the day did not perceive a reduction in their sleep quality.

Scientists surmise that this misguided perception could set off an unconscious cycle of self-medication that results in restless nights. Frank Song, lead author of this study and a researcher in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at the University of Washington School of Medicine, notes that while previous research has shown people the detrimental effects of alcohol and caffeine on sleep, no study has examined the combined effects of the two substances on sleep as people go about their daily lives. A study on alcohol use that was released in October 2021 discovered that a higher alcohol intake was linked to shorter sleep duration and lower sleep quality. Alcohol is known to cause sleep disturbances in a number of ways, including aberrant circadian rhythms and an increase in breathing-related sleep disorders, according to research published in December 2019. Regarding caffeine consumption during the day, a September 2023 study found that caffeine can postpone the onset of REM sleep. Furthermore, studies have shown that prolonged caffeine use can impair the quality of a person’s sleep, even though it may help someone feel and stay awake during the day.

For this study, Song and his colleagues measured the sleep-related metrics and alcohol and caffeine consumption patterns of 17 male, full-time financial traders over the course of six weeks using digital daily surveying tools. “We decided to focus on financial traders since, as an investment analyst on Wall Street, I worked with many traders, and we know from research that this is an adult population that regularly consumes both caffeine and alcohol,” Song told Medical News Today. “They value alertness and mental acuity during the day, which I think represents the lifestyles of many working adults,” he said. “Also, their profession requires high attention and cognitive speed.”. When caffeine consumption was examined separately, researchers discovered that, on average, each cup consumed the day before decreased the amount of sleep that study participants reported getting. Based on earlier studies on caffeine and sleep, Song stated, “We had anticipated we would find an actual caffeine-induced decrease in sleep duration.”. The size of the reduction caught us off guard because it was greater than we had anticipated. Additionally, they discovered that individuals who had alcohol the night before reported, on average, a 3% decline in sleep quality with each drink. “This made sense to us because we had also predicted this decline based on what we learned from prior research on alcohol and sleep,” Song said.

REFERENCES:

https://fox59.com/news/national-world/alcohol-and-caffeine-together-have-a-surprising-effect-on-sleep-study/
https://newsroom.uw.edu/news/brief-surprise-study-alcohol-caffeine-and-sleep
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6292246/
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/alcohol-caffeine-hurt-sleep-quality-sleep-quantity

For Sleep deprivation medications that have been suggested by doctors worldwide are available here https://mygenericpharmacy.com/search.php?keywords=sleep

Arthritis risk may increase with lower testosterone levels.

Arthritis risk may increase with lower testosterone levels.

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A common and chronic ailment is arthritis. Sometimes it’s hard to tell why some people get arthritis and others don’t. Researchers continue to look into the factors, including hormones, that most predispose individuals to developing arthritis. Reduced serum testosterone levels may be linked to a higher risk of arthritis, according to a recent study. Although anyone can get arthritis, some people are more susceptible to certain types of the disease than others. Researchers looked at the relationship between testosterone levels and arthritis risk in a recent cross-sectional study that was published in Scientific Reports. They discovered that a higher risk of arthritis development was linked to lower testosterone levels through their examination of more than 10,000 adults. Future studies can examine how this relates to clinical practice and potential strategies for reducing the risk of arthritis. Mobility and joints are impacted by arthritis. Although arthritis comes in various forms, joint inflammation and pain are the two main symptoms. Osteoarthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis are among the various forms of arthritis. People with arthritis may find it difficult to work, carry out daily duties, and exercise.

A person’s risk of developing arthritis can be increased by a few factors, such as being overweight and having specific joint injuries. Risk factors for osteoarthritis include aging, weak muscles, and damaged joints. Some people who have one predisposing condition may also develop osteoarthritis. A certain genetic makeup and smoking are risk factors for rheumatoid arthritis. Not involved in the recent research, Dr. Alexander King, an osteopathic physician with a focus on neuromusculoskeletal medicine and owner of King Osteopathic Medicine and Medical Acupuncture, highlighted specific risk factors for arthritis to Medical News Today. These included an individual’s weight, joint ailments, and line of work. Dr. King informed MNT that “having a high body mass index or being obese raises the risk of developing knee osteoarthritis.”. “Excess weight puts additional stress on weight-bearing joints like the knees and hips,” he clarified. This risk can be decreased by maintaining a healthy weight through diet and exercise. He added, “Overuse or injury to joints, such as repetitive stress or knee bending, can contribute to the development of osteoarthritis,” and suggested that people take care of their joints by engaging in exercises that are specifically designed for that purpose. Similar to this, Dr. King stated that “jobs involving repetitive knee bending and squatting are associated with knee osteoarthritis.”. “Make sure the area where you work is.

The current study’s authors pointed out that earlier investigations had already hinted that testosterone levels might have an effect on the onset of arthritis. In their study analysis, they wished to explore the association in more detail. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), which gathered data from Americans, was used by the researchers for this. Researchers included 10,439 participants in their analysis after removing individuals with missing data on testosterone levels or arthritis. They took into consideration a number of factors when gathering their data, such as marital status, sex, level of education, smoking, diabetes, and alcohol consumption. To take into account covariates that varied slightly, they employed three models. Participants in the study who did not have arthritis had higher serum testosterone levels than those who did. Additionally, an analysis using specific models revealed a link between a higher risk of arthritis and lower testosterone levels. According to their subgroup analysis, female participants and those with a higher body mass index showed a stronger correlation between lower testosterone and arthritis. In addition, the researchers used the participants’ testosterone levels to separate them into four groups. This was done, and the results showed that the group with the highest testosterone level had a 51 percent lower risk of developing arthritis than the group with the lowest testosterone level.

Chief clinical advisor at Biote and functional medicine specialist Dr. Cory Rice, who was not involved in this study, provided MNT with commentary on the results. He states that “this is an interesting study because it is a pattern that many of us see among our patients on a regular basis in clinical practice.”. That is to say, patients who have the lowest hormone levels—male or female—also tend to complain of pain that is similar to arthritis. This covers both the autoimmune-type arthropathies that are becoming more common in outpatient medicine as well as general age-related wear-and-tear types of joint arthropathies, Dr. Rice continued. There were several other restrictions on this study. First and foremost, the authors issued a warning, stating that no causal relationship between any of the factors could be established by this kind of study. Second, participant reporting was used by the researchers to diagnose arthritis, which may have introduced bias. The results might not apply to individuals or groups in other areas, the researchers added. Additionally, some covariables had missing data, which could have compromised the validity of the study. Lastly, they acknowledged that measurement errors and the omission of certain confounders were possible.

“The study didn’t necessarily reveal a ‘causal’ relationship between testosterone levels and arthritis,” Dr. King said to MNT. It is important to look into potential causes of subjects with higher testosterone levels having fewer cases of arthritis. These may include more exercise, a more balanced diet, and a decrease in body weight. It appears that individuals with healthier lifestyles will have higher testosterone levels and fewer arthritic causes. Overall, the findings suggest that monitoring testosterone levels in individuals who are more susceptible to arthritis may be beneficial. “Our studies have demonstrated a significant association between serum testosterone levels and arthritis,” the authors wrote in their conclusion. The significance of serum testosterone levels in arthritis patients is highlighted by the recent findings. However, more thorough prospective studies are needed as the findings were unable to establish a causal relationship. “.

REFERENCES:

https://www.news-medical.net/news/20231109/Study-links-lower-testosterone-levels-with-increased-arthritis-risk.aspx
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10630339/
https://www.healthline.com/health/low-testosterone/joint-pain
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/lower-testosterone-levels-may-increase-the-risk-of-arthritis#Study-limitations-and-continued-research

For testosterone medications that have been suggested by doctors worldwide are available here https://mygenericpharmacy.com/search.php?keywords=testosterone

People with diabetes and other conditions can benefit from high-intensity water exercise.

People with diabetes and other conditions can benefit from high-intensity water exercise.

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According to research, adults with chronic conditions can exercise more effectively when they participate in aquatic high-intensity interval training (AHIIT). They observed that AHIIT had an effect comparable to that of land-based training (LBHIIT) and that it might be a useful and safe substitute for those with long-term medical conditions who are unable to engage in land-based exercise. Although there is conflicting data regarding the physiological benefits of exercising in the water, experts agree that it can help reduce joint strain and enable individuals to perform movements that they may not be able to on dry land. For those with long-term medical conditions who find land-based training too challenging, researchers have a message. Come on in. The water is clear. Currently available in the BMJ Open Sport and Exercise Medicine journal. According to the study, adults with chronic conditions like diabetes and arthritis can exercise more effectively when they participate in high-intensity interval training (AHIIT), which is conducted in water. Additionally, the researchers claim that AHIIT has an effect comparable to that of land-based training (LBHIIT) and that it could be a beneficial and safe substitute for LBHIIT for those with long-term medical conditions. Dr. Sports medicine expert Mark Slabaugh of Mercy Medical Center in Baltimore told Medical News Today that exercising in the water has obvious advantages for those with chronic pain, arthritis, and tendinitis.

Salbaugh, who was not involved in the study, said, “This study gives us as clinicians even more options for patients who are interested in cross training and doing HIIT workouts but can not due to joint pain.”. “I advise my patients to begin with these brief AHIIT sessions and work their way up to longer swimming sessions, as swimming is a sport that can be continued well into old age. The study team examined 18 trials to compare the effects of AHIIT and LBHIIT on participants’ ability to exercise (as determined by oxygen consumption, walking tests, and other physical fitness assessments). Additionally, they contrasted AHIIT with a control group that did not exercise and moderate-intensity exercise in water (AMICT). Using the widely accepted GRADE system, the researchers evaluated the degree of certainty in the evidence. They examined 868 participants with a variety of illnesses, including multiple sclerosis, back pain, arthritis, type 2 diabetes, and chronic lung disease (COPD), with 74% of the participants being female. A few individuals were dealing with multiple chronic illnesses. Standardized mean differences (SMD) were used in the study to represent group differences. A small effect was indicated by an SMD of 0.2-0.49, a moderate effect by 0.5-0.79, and a large effect by 0.8 or more.

According to the study, AHIIT had a minor positive impact when compared to AMICT (SMD 0.45) and a moderately positive impact when compared to no exercise (SMD 0.78). Furthermore, there was no discernible difference in the exercise capacity between LBHIIT and AHIIT. Compared to LBHIIT, fewer adverse events were reported with AHIIT. The range of 84 percent to 100 percent was the adherence rate for AHIIT. Physical therapist Sydnee Corbin is also the clinic director of SporTherapy in Texas, where therapy is conducted in a swimming pool. Water-based therapy, according to Corbin, who was not involved in the study, helps people with conditions like osteoarthritis, balance issues, sensory processing disorders, generalized weakness/deconditioning, and post-operative patients by offloading joints while increasing resistance. According to Corbin, “the pool is a great opportunity to provide resistance and sensory feedback—a unique property that is difficult to replicate on land.”. Reaching a patient population that would otherwise be sedentary or inactive can be greatly facilitated by an aquatic setting. “.

According to Corbin, individuals who suffer from osteoarthritis, persistent low back pain, or other long-term medical conditions might not be able to fully engage in LBHIIT and reap the full benefits of HIIT. “By introducing AHIIT, we can decrease further health risks to those populations and be more inclusive to them,” the speaker stated. In addition to offloading joints, the aquatic environment gives users’ systems sensory input that might otherwise be sensitized due to chronic pain, constant resistance from the water, and, if done in a heated pool, the ability to relax otherwise painful muscles and joints. “Mr. Medical News Today was informed by William Ashford, an orthopedic surgeon at AICA Orthopedics in Atlanta who was not involved in the study, that AHIIT presents a highly effective treatment modality, especially for individuals with musculoskeletal conditions like chronic back pain and arthritis. According to Ashford, the buoyancy of the water minimizes joint stress and offers a natural resistance, enabling people to engage in exercises that would be too painful or impractical on land. Additionally, Ashford noted that the cardiovascular benefits of HIIT are well-established, and applying this knowledge to an aquatic setting appears to enhance these benefits for some populations. According to Ashford, maintaining an exercise routine is essential to managing chronic illnesses.

Water exercise has its limitations as well. “Although beneficial for numerous individuals, it may not be appropriate for all patients, particularly those with specific chronic lung conditions, as the water pressure may cause difficulties in breathing,” stated Ashford. Also, some patients may find it difficult to get to the right facilities. Having said that, Ashford recommended further study to find strategies for expanding the reach of water-based therapy. “AHIIT is a highly effective, flexible, and patient-centered method for treating a range of chronic illnesses,” the speaker stated. The benefits of HIIT are combined with the special qualities of water to create a synergistic effect that can be especially helpful for patients who have trouble with land-based exercises. “.

REFERENCES:

https://www.diabetes.org.uk/guide-to-diabetes/managing-your-diabetes/exercise/swimming-diabetes
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3347725/
https://www.swimming.org/justswim/diabetes-and-swimming/
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/how-high-intensity-water-exercise-can-help-people-with-diabetes-and-other-conditions

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Even if you use blood pressure medication, cutting less on salt can help you lower your blood pressure quickly.

Even if you use blood pressure medication, cutting less on salt can help you lower your blood pressure quickly.

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Excessive salt consumption is common in the diets of middle-aged and older adults in the United States, and experts believe this has led to an increase in mortality over the past ten years. A low-sodium diet lowered blood pressure in almost three out of four participants in a recent study involving 213 individuals, as opposed to a high-sodium diet. Researchers found that the drop in blood pressure they saw was unrelated to the presence of hypertension or the use of blood pressure medications. The anti-hypertensive effect of the low-sodium diet was equivalent to that of a commonly used blood pressure medication. The American Heart Organization reports that nine out of ten Americans eat too much sodium. older and middle-aged U.S. S. Adults consume more sodium on average—3.5 g on average—than the World Health Organization’s recommended threshold for sodium reduction. Even in people with normal blood pressure, high-salt diets are frequently linked to increases in blood pressure and the risk of cardiovascular death.

“For the general population, it is recommended to have a sodium intake of under 2300mg per day,” said cardiologist Dr. Bradley Serwer, chief medical officer at cardiovascular and anesthesiology services provider VitalSolution, in an interview with Medical News Today. We advise against taking more than 1500 mg daily if you have high blood pressure or heart disease. To put this in perspective, there are roughly 2,300 mg of sodium in one tablespoon of salt. But differing blood pressure reactions to sodium consumption have cast doubt on dietary sodium recommendations. Additionally, little research has been done to date on how eating sodium affects blood pressure in individuals using blood pressure medications. According to a cutting-edge study supported by Vanderbilt University Medical Center, a low-sodium diet can lower blood pressure just as much as a prescription medication. This work was done in collaboration with researchers from the University of Alabama at Birmingham and Northwestern University. The term “salt sensitivity of blood pressure” (SSBP) describes variations in blood pressure correlated with variations in salt consumption. Naturally, blood pressure varies to keep the balance of sodium in the blood. Hormone imbalances governing sodium excretion and retention may contribute to susceptibility to SSBP. Although it is unclear how precisely sodium affects blood pressure, vascular dysregulation may also be to blame.

Michelle Routhenstein, a preventative cardiology dietitian at EntirelyNourished.com, who was not involved in the research, spoke with Medical News Today about this study. According to preliminary research, eating too much salt may lead to inflammation, which in turn can elevate blood pressure. “The first line of treatment for high blood pressure is always dietary restriction. Dr. Serwer clarified, “We start medication if someone is unable to achieve normal blood pressure with a low sodium diet.”. In this study, blood pressure responses to dietary sodium were examined within individuals, the blood pressure differences between those assigned to a high- or low-sodium diet initially, and whether these differences were related to baseline blood pressure and the use of antihypertensive medications. 213 community-based participants were enrolled in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA)–SSBP study between April 2021 and February 2023. The age range of the participants was 50 to 75. Of the 213 participants, 25% had normal blood pressure (normotension), 20% had hypertension under control, 31% had hypertension uncontrolled, and 25% had hypertension untreated.

The average age of those who finished both diets was sixty-one. Sixty-four percent of the group were Black, and sixty-five percent were female. Individuals who were ineligible for high- or low-sodium diets or who had resistant hypertension were not included. Two groups were randomly assigned to the participants. For one week, the groups were assigned to either a high sodium diet, which involved adding 2,200 mg of sodium to their usual diet, or a low sodium diet, which involved adding 500 mg of sodium. After that, they alternated diets for a week. Systolic blood pressure decreased after a week-long low-sodium diet, which was similar to the typical effect of 12.5 mg of the prescription hypertension medication hydrochlorothiazide. In total, 71.7% of people reported lower blood pressure after adopting a low-sodium diet. Norrina Allen, Ph.D., Dr. C. , of Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, informed MNT that “This effect was consistent whether or not the patient was taking antihypertensive medicine.”. In contrast to 92.9 percent of those who consumed a high-sodium diet, only 8% of study participants reported any mild adverse events after this regimen. Furthermore, neither the individual nor the between-group changes were dependent on the use of blood pressure medications or the presence of hypertension. Additionally, the drops in blood pressure were similar amongst the subgroups.

The authors of the study think that by supplementing everyone’s usual diet with dietary sodium, they were able to capture realistic variations in sodium intake. It exceeded the sodium consumption of typical diets, unlike the diets used in the DASH-Sodium and GenSalt studies. The study’s utilization of a 24-hour urine sodium excretion, the gold standard technique for assessing sodium intake in population surveys, is one of its most notable strengths. Additionally, a larger range of people were included in the study to evaluate the impact of dietary sodium on blood pressure, including those with normal blood pressure, high blood pressure, treated or untreated, and appropriately managed or not, according to Routhenstein. Nevertheless, the researchers were unable to rule out the possibility of nonsodium dietary factors because the diets were not completely controlled. Thankfully, reducing salt intake doesn’t have to be difficult. According to Dr. Allen, the low-sodium diet consisted of items found in typical grocery stores. Reading food and beverage labels is highly advised. A lot of patients don’t know how much sodium is in some foods and beverages. Fast food, highly processed meals, canned vegetables, and even the food in fine dining establishments are frequently very high in sodium, Dr. Serwer warned. Everybody was urged by the cardiologist to cook at home whenever possible since they could manage the quantity of ingredients.

REFERENCES:

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/consuming-less-salt-blood-pressure-drugs
https://www.healthline.com/health-news/even-if-you-take-meds-to-lower-blood-pressure-reducing-salt-still-helps
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/salt-reduction
https://www.everydayhealth.com/heart-health/cutting-down-on-salt-can-cut-blood-pressure-fast-even-if-you-take-blood-pressure-drugs/

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Daily avocado consumption a way to lower Diabeties.

Daily avocado consumption a way to lower Diabeties.

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A recent study indicates that while not everyone benefits greatly from avocados, some people may have much better blood sugar control. The study found a strong correlation between a lower incidence of type 2 diabetes and individuals with a newly discovered metabolic biomarker of avocado intake, including decreased fasting glucose and insulin. A new era of personalized nutrition may result from the study of one’s microbiome and body metabolites, or metabolomics. Only a weak correlation was found between avocado consumption and lower fasting insulin in a study looking into the relationship between avocado consumption and a lower risk of type 2 diabetes; this correlation vanished when body mass index (BMI) was taken into account. However, the study’s authors found that some individuals had a “avocado intake biomarker” that was strongly linked to lower fasting insulin and glucose levels as well as a lower risk of type 2 diabetes. The results of the study imply that customized metabolic profiling might be essential for determining which foods can consistently improve an individual’s health.

Small molecule byproducts of metabolic processes that take place in cells, tissues, or an organism are known as metabolites. The methodical study of the body’s metabolite-related chemical reactions is known as metabolomics. It enables scientists to recognize unique fingerprints connected to particular biological functions. According to the study, the metabolome and the well-known microbiome may be essential for creating individualized, focused health interventions. The Hass Avocado Board provided funding for the study, which was published in The Journal of Nutrition. Based on information from 6,220 adults, ages 45 to 84, who took part in the ongoing Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, the study was conducted (MESA). Between 2000 and 2002, participants were recruited at six locations across the United States, and until 2018, they were followed up with every 18 months. In addition to over 100 other foods from 47 food groups, people reported consuming avocados. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance analysis of fasting serum samples obtained during recruitment was used to derive metabolomic profiles for 3,438 of these individuals. “Metabolomics can provide us with an extra instrument to understand a person’s specific health problems and possible remedies in a more personalized manner,” said Dr. Jason Ng, a clinical associate professor of medicine at the University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, who did not participate in this investigation, to Medical News Today.

Following a comparison between the Human Metabolome Database and the spectral features derived from the participant samples, three spectra were found to closely correspond with avocado intake. The study’s authors came to the conclusion that the three metabolic annotations—CH2-lysyl—represented the same metabolite since they were similar. They then computed a mean value for all three to determine their metabolic biomarker of avocado intake. The biomarker was found to be highly correlated with lower levels of insulin and fasting glucose, even after controlling for a number of potential confounding variables, such as adiposity, BMI, health behaviors, alcohol and smoke consumption, and sociodemographic characteristics. The authors discovered that this association was not as strong in those who had dysglycemia as they had predicted. They point out that alterations in a type 2 diabetic’s microbiome may have an impact on dysglycemia. Michelle Routhenstein, a cardiology dietitian and the proprietor of Entirely Nourished, stated, “The way we metabolize foods and the byproducts of food metabolism can help [shine] more light into how diets affect us and our cardiometabolic health.” She was not involved in this study. Additionally, it might shed light on the management of chronic diseases and aid in the control of cholesterol, triglycerides, and blood sugar levels. She continued.

According to Routhenstein, “vocados are rich in monounsaturated fatty acids and soluble and insoluble fiber, which can help control blood sugar levels.”. “We are aware that some foods are generally healthier than others,” Dr. Ng added. According to this study, avocados, for instance, may help the body’s metabolism of sugar. Since not all foods will benefit everyone equally, it would be beneficial to keep researching how these foods can affect specific individuals so that they can understand what could, in particular, benefit them the most, he continued. The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that the number of people with diabetes worldwide increased fourfold from 108 million in 1980 to 422 million in 2014. Over 95% of these individuals have type 2 diabetes. According to more recent data, there are currently over 500 million diabetics globally, and by 2050, there may be 13.3 billion diabetics worldwide. Diabetes is described as “a defining disease of the 21st century” in The Lancet. “Although diabetes is becoming more common worldwide, North Africa, the Middle East, Latin America, and the Caribbean are particularly affected.”. Even though diabetes is usually controllable, in the worst case it can lead to kidney failure, eyesight loss, a heart attack, or even the amputation of a lower limb. Avoiding smoking, maintaining a healthy diet, and getting regular exercise all lower the chance of developing diabetes. Drugs can help delay the onset and progression of illness.

REFERENCES:

https://www.healthifyme.com/blog/is-avocado-good-for-diabetics/
https://nutrition.org/daily-avocado-consumption-a-tasteful-way-to-lower-blood-glucose/
https://www.healthline.com/health/avocado-and-diabetes
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/could-eating-avocados-help-manage-blood-sugar-in-diabetes

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Blood Test Indicates Worsening of Multiple Sclerosis One to Two Years Before it Occurs

Blood Test Indicates Worsening of Multiple Sclerosis One to Two Years Before it Occurs

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Approximately 228 million people worldwide suffer from multiple sclerosis (MS) as of 2020. The majority of MS patients experience symptoms that gradually worsen their level of disability. A blood test developed by researchers at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) can identify the progression of MS disability up to two years in advance. In 2020, there will be roughly 20.8 million cases of multiple sclerosis (MS), a chronic illness that affects the central nervous system of the body. MS does not currently have a cure, but most patients eventually experience the disease’s progression even though they may initially have few symptoms. Knowing more about when an individual’s MS symptoms might get worse would help medical professionals prescribe disease-modifying treatments, which should help slow the disease’s progression. In support of these efforts, researchers at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) have developed a blood test that can identify the progression of multiple sclerosis disability up to two years in advance.

As stated by Dr. Ari J. According to Green, co-senior author of this study and chief of the Division of Neuroimmunology and Glial Biology at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), the loss of connections within the nervous system is the biological basis for permanent irreversible neurological dysfunction. According to Dr. Green, “the cumulative effect of the loss of tens of thousands or even millions of axons and connections from the critical circuits that underlie our essential neurological functions is likely to be the cause of progressive disability worsening in MS,” Medical News Today. If neurological function is lost in the midst of a progressive worsening, on the other hand, it is a terminal event that cannot be reversed. We are powerless to stop it if we wait for someone to demonstrate this deterioration. Thus, discovering methods to identify neurological deterioration before it occurs in multiple sclerosis gives us hope that we can intervene to halt or reverse the process,” he said.

The blood biomarker for the test was the neurofilament light chain (NfL), which was the main focus of the researchers. Dr. Ahmed Abdelhak, a physician-scientist, clinical instructor, and co-first author of this study in the Division of Neuroimmunology and Glial Biology at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), explained to MNT that neurofilament light chain is one of several unique proteins found mostly in nerve fibers. “Some of this protein or short segments called peptides find a way to enter the blood when nerve fibers (axons) get damaged or lost,” he said. “We can measure this tiny fraction using a digital immunoassay, which is an ultrasensitive technique that measures proteins or peptides like this at incredibly low concentrations,” Dr. Abdelhak went on. Consequently, NfL takes on a significant role as a marker to check for signs of nerve fiber damage. According to him, it more accurately forecasts future declines in the function that gives rise to the symptoms that patients endure than it does actual symptom aggravation.

Drs. Green and Abdelhak, along with their team, examined data from approximately 1,900 MS patients for this investigation. Of those, roughly 570 were categorized as having a disability that kept getting worse, the bulk of them not having relapsed. Relapses, also known as flare-ups, happen when preexisting symptoms get worse or develop new ones. Researchers discovered that a 91 percent increased risk of deteriorating disability with a relapse approximately a year later was linked to elevated NfL levels. A 49 percent higher chance of increasing disability without relapse was associated with elevated NfL levels approximately two years later. Dr. Green stated that they were taken aback by both results, particularly by their scope and the length of time they could detect changes. First, we believe that MS relapses are a rather sudden, acute event that lasts a few days. We have traditionally believed that the immune system attacks a small localized area in the brain, optic nerve, or spinal cord when it becomes activated inappropriately,” he went on. But this research indicates that before people with MS experience a permanent disability as a result of a relapse, there may be damage to nerve fibers occurring more widely throughout the brain or locally at the location of the future relapse. Understanding this process is crucial because it could lead to a paradigm change in how we view MS injuries generally and relapses that result in permanent disability in particular, said Dr. Abdelhak.

It is very exciting to see a biomarker that can predict disability one to two years before occurrence, according to Dr. Lana Zhovtis Ryerson, research director at the Hackensack Meridian Neuroscience Institute at Jersey Shore University Medical Center, Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Center, who reviewed this study and told MNT. “We are beginning to monitor this biomarker in our clinic, and it shows that long-term observation of this data point can have an impact on our patient population,” said Dr. Ryerson. And Bruce F. Drdot. Bebo Junior. , executive vice president of research at the National Multiple Sclerosis Society, told MNT that choosing the best disease-modifying treatment for a patient would be made much easier if it were possible to forecast how their disease would progress. Dr. Bebo stated, “At this time, there is not much information available to help guide the choice of disease-modifying therapy.”. “With this information, the patient and physician could choose a therapy with confidence. A biomarker like sNfL may enable people to begin effective treatment earlier, as we are aware of the many advantages of starting someone on a therapy that works for them.

REFERENCES:

https://www.insideprecisionmedicine.com/topics/translational-research/blood-test-indicates-worsening-multiple-sclerosis-one-to-two-years-before-it-occurs/
https://www.news-medical.net/news/20231106/Blood-test-predicts-MS-disability-worsening-up-to-two-years-in-advance.aspx
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/new-blood-test-may-help-predict-worsening-disability-in-multiple-sclerosis

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